The role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and Drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial disease

There is a worldwide trend for women to have their first pregnancy later in life. However, as oocyte quality declines with maternal aging, this trend leads to an increase in subfertility. The cellular mechanisms underlying this decline in oocyte competence are poorly understood. Oocyte mitochondria...

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Autores principales:	Rachel T Cox, Joanna Poulton, Suzannah A Williams
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Bioscientifica 2021
Materias:	mitophagy mitochondria ovary oocyte drosophila mouse human mtdna arts Reproduction QH471-489 Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-21-0060 https://doaj.org/article/d5f1cc22b08d443fb09b17924209ee02
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d5f1cc22b08d443fb09b17924209ee022021-11-10T08:39:11ZThe role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and Drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial diseasehttps://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-21-00602633-8386https://doaj.org/article/d5f1cc22b08d443fb09b17924209ee022021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://raf.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/raf/2/4/RAF-21-0060.xmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/2633-8386There is a worldwide trend for women to have their first pregnancy later in life. However, as oocyte quality declines with maternal aging, this trend leads to an increase in subfertility. The cellular mechanisms underlying this decline in oocyte competence are poorly understood. Oocyte mitochondria are the subcellular organelles that supply the energy that drives early embryogenesis, and thus their quality is critical for successful conception. Mitochondria contain their own DNA (mtDNA) and mutations in mtDNA cause mitochondrial diseases with severe symptoms, such as neurodegeneration and heart disease. Since mitochondrial function declines in tissues as humans age accompanied by an accumulation of mtDNA mutations, mtDNA is implicated as a cause of declining oocyte quality in older mothers. While this mutation load could be caused by declining accuracy of the mitochondrial replisome, age-related decline in mitochondrial quality control likely contributes, however knowledge is lacking. Mitophagy, a cellular process which specifically targets and recycles damaged mitochondria may be involved, but studies are scarce. And although assisted reproductive technologies can help older mothers, how these techniques affect the mechanisms that regulate mitochondrial and oocyte quality have not been studied. With the long-term goal of understanding the molecular mechanisms that control mitochondrial quality in the oocyte, model systems including Drosophila and mouse as well as human oocytes have been used. In this review, we explore the contribution of mitophagy to oocyte quality and the need for further systematic investigation in oocytes during maternal aging using different systems.Rachel T CoxJoanna PoultonSuzannah A WilliamsBioscientificaarticlemitophagymitochondriaovaryoocytedrosophilamousehumanmtdnaartsReproductionQH471-489Gynecology and obstetricsRG1-991ENReproduction and Fertility, Vol 2, Iss 4, Pp R113-R129 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mitophagy mitochondria ovary oocyte drosophila mouse human mtdna arts Reproduction QH471-489 Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991
spellingShingle	mitophagy mitochondria ovary oocyte drosophila mouse human mtdna arts Reproduction QH471-489 Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Rachel T Cox Joanna Poulton Suzannah A Williams The role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and Drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial disease
description	There is a worldwide trend for women to have their first pregnancy later in life. However, as oocyte quality declines with maternal aging, this trend leads to an increase in subfertility. The cellular mechanisms underlying this decline in oocyte competence are poorly understood. Oocyte mitochondria are the subcellular organelles that supply the energy that drives early embryogenesis, and thus their quality is critical for successful conception. Mitochondria contain their own DNA (mtDNA) and mutations in mtDNA cause mitochondrial diseases with severe symptoms, such as neurodegeneration and heart disease. Since mitochondrial function declines in tissues as humans age accompanied by an accumulation of mtDNA mutations, mtDNA is implicated as a cause of declining oocyte quality in older mothers. While this mutation load could be caused by declining accuracy of the mitochondrial replisome, age-related decline in mitochondrial quality control likely contributes, however knowledge is lacking. Mitophagy, a cellular process which specifically targets and recycles damaged mitochondria may be involved, but studies are scarce. And although assisted reproductive technologies can help older mothers, how these techniques affect the mechanisms that regulate mitochondrial and oocyte quality have not been studied. With the long-term goal of understanding the molecular mechanisms that control mitochondrial quality in the oocyte, model systems including Drosophila and mouse as well as human oocytes have been used. In this review, we explore the contribution of mitophagy to oocyte quality and the need for further systematic investigation in oocytes during maternal aging using different systems.
format	article
author	Rachel T Cox Joanna Poulton Suzannah A Williams
author_facet	Rachel T Cox Joanna Poulton Suzannah A Williams
author_sort	Rachel T Cox
title	The role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and Drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial disease
title_short	The role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and Drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial disease
title_full	The role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and Drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial disease
title_fullStr	The role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and Drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial disease
title_full_unstemmed	The role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and Drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial disease
title_sort	role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial disease
publisher	Bioscientifica
publishDate	2021
url	https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-21-0060 https://doaj.org/article/d5f1cc22b08d443fb09b17924209ee02
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The role of mitophagy during oocyte aging in human, mouse, and Drosophila: implications for oocyte quality and mitochondrial disease

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