Biomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.

<h4>Background</h4>Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, and severe obesity is a risk factor for many diseases, including diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some cancers. Endocannabinoid system (ECS) signaling in the brain and peripheral tissues is activated in obesity and plays a role in t...

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Autores principales:	Jack C Sipe, T Michael Scott, Sarah Murray, Olivier Harismendy, Gabriel M Simon, Benjamin F Cravatt, Jill Waalen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d5f7a287e3b8456095f9e6dec8c459a4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d5f7a287e3b8456095f9e6dec8c459a42021-11-25T06:26:34ZBiomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0008792https://doaj.org/article/d5f7a287e3b8456095f9e6dec8c459a42010-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20098695/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, and severe obesity is a risk factor for many diseases, including diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some cancers. Endocannabinoid system (ECS) signaling in the brain and peripheral tissues is activated in obesity and plays a role in the regulation of body weight. The main research question here was whether quantitative measurement of plasma endocannabinoids, anandamide, and related N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), combined with genotyping for mutations in fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) would identify circulating biomarkers of ECS activation in severe obesity.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Plasma samples were obtained from 96 severely obese subjects with body mass index (BMI) of > or = 40 kg/m(2), and 48 normal weight subjects with BMI of < or = 26 kg/m(2). Triple-quadrupole mass spectroscopy methods were used to measure plasma ECS analogs. Subjects were genotyped for human FAAH gene mutations. The principal analysis focused on the FAAH 385 C-->A (P129T) mutation by comparing plasma ECS metabolite levels in the FAAH 385 minor A allele carriers versus wild-type C/C carriers in both groups. The main finding was significantly elevated mean plasma levels of anandamide (15.1+/-1.4 pmol/ml) and related NAEs in study subjects that carried the FAAH 385 A mutant alleles versus normal subjects (13.3+/-1.0 pmol/ml) with wild-type FAAH genotype (p = 0.04), and significance was maintained after controlling for BMI.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Significantly increased levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide and related NAEs were found in carriers of the FAAH 385 A mutant alleles compared with wild-type FAAH controls. This evidence supports endocannabinoid system activation due to the effect of FAAH 385 mutant A genotype on plasma AEA and related NAE analogs. This is the first study to document that FAAH 385 A mutant alleles have a direct effect on elevated plasma levels of anandamide and related NAEs in humans. These biomarkers may indicate risk for severe obesity and may suggest novel ECS obesity treatment strategies.Jack C SipeT Michael ScottSarah MurrayOlivier HarismendyGabriel M SimonBenjamin F CravattJill WaalenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 1, p e8792 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jack C Sipe T Michael Scott Sarah Murray Olivier Harismendy Gabriel M Simon Benjamin F Cravatt Jill Waalen Biomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, and severe obesity is a risk factor for many diseases, including diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some cancers. Endocannabinoid system (ECS) signaling in the brain and peripheral tissues is activated in obesity and plays a role in the regulation of body weight. The main research question here was whether quantitative measurement of plasma endocannabinoids, anandamide, and related N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), combined with genotyping for mutations in fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) would identify circulating biomarkers of ECS activation in severe obesity.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Plasma samples were obtained from 96 severely obese subjects with body mass index (BMI) of > or = 40 kg/m(2), and 48 normal weight subjects with BMI of < or = 26 kg/m(2). Triple-quadrupole mass spectroscopy methods were used to measure plasma ECS analogs. Subjects were genotyped for human FAAH gene mutations. The principal analysis focused on the FAAH 385 C-->A (P129T) mutation by comparing plasma ECS metabolite levels in the FAAH 385 minor A allele carriers versus wild-type C/C carriers in both groups. The main finding was significantly elevated mean plasma levels of anandamide (15.1+/-1.4 pmol/ml) and related NAEs in study subjects that carried the FAAH 385 A mutant alleles versus normal subjects (13.3+/-1.0 pmol/ml) with wild-type FAAH genotype (p = 0.04), and significance was maintained after controlling for BMI.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Significantly increased levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide and related NAEs were found in carriers of the FAAH 385 A mutant alleles compared with wild-type FAAH controls. This evidence supports endocannabinoid system activation due to the effect of FAAH 385 mutant A genotype on plasma AEA and related NAE analogs. This is the first study to document that FAAH 385 A mutant alleles have a direct effect on elevated plasma levels of anandamide and related NAEs in humans. These biomarkers may indicate risk for severe obesity and may suggest novel ECS obesity treatment strategies.
format	article
author	Jack C Sipe T Michael Scott Sarah Murray Olivier Harismendy Gabriel M Simon Benjamin F Cravatt Jill Waalen
author_facet	Jack C Sipe T Michael Scott Sarah Murray Olivier Harismendy Gabriel M Simon Benjamin F Cravatt Jill Waalen
author_sort	Jack C Sipe
title	Biomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.
title_short	Biomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.
title_full	Biomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.
title_fullStr	Biomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.
title_full_unstemmed	Biomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.
title_sort	biomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/d5f7a287e3b8456095f9e6dec8c459a4
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Biomarkers of endocannabinoid system activation in severe obesity.

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