The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review

<b>Introduction:</b> Physician’s burnout has been recognized as an increasing and significant work-related syndrome, described by the combination of emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (D), together with low personal accomplishment (PA). It has many negative consequences on p...

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Autores principales:	Sara Tement, Zalika Klemenc Ketiš, Špela Miroševič, Polona Selič-Zupančič
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	mindfulness psychological intervention physicians empathy burnout well-being Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d6443e91db5248a4b88e78cdeab89fe6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d6443e91db5248a4b88e78cdeab89fe62021-11-11T16:19:54ZThe Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review10.3390/ijerph1821111811660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/d6443e91db5248a4b88e78cdeab89fe62021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11181https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601<b>Introduction:</b> Physician’s burnout has been recognized as an increasing and significant work-related syndrome, described by the combination of emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (D), together with low personal accomplishment (PA). It has many negative consequences on personal, organizational, and patient care levels. This systematic review aimed to analyze research articles where psychological interventions with elements of mindfulness (PIMs) were used to support physicians in order to reduce burnout and foster empathy and well-being. <b>Methods:</b> Systematic searches were conducted in May 2019, within six electronic databases PubMed, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, PsycArticles, Cochrane Library, JSTOR, and Slovenian national library information system. Different combinations of boolean operators were used—mindfulness, empathy, medicine/family medicine/general practice/primary care, burnout, doctors/physicians, intervention, and support group. Additional articles were manually searched from the reference list of the included articles. Studies with other healthcare professionals (not physicians and residents) and/or medical students, and those where PIMs were applied for educational or patient’s treatment purposes were excluded. <b>Results:</b> Of 1194 studies identified, 786 screened and 139 assessed for eligibility, there were 18 studies included in this review. Regardless of a specific type of PIMs applied, results, in general, demonstrate a positive impact on empathy, well-being, and reduction in burnout in participating physicians. Compared with other recent systematic reviews, this is unique due to a broader selection of psychological interventions and emphasis on a sustained effect measurement. <b>Conclusions:</b> Given the pandemic of COVID-19, it is of utmost importance that this review includes also interventions based on modern information technologies (mobile apps) and can be used as an awareness-raising material for physicians providing information about feasible and easily accessible interventions for effective burnout prevention and/or reduction. Future research should upgrade self-reported data with objective psychological measures and address the question of which intervention offers more benefits to physicians.Sara TementZalika Klemenc KetišŠpela MiroševičPolona Selič-ZupančičMDPI AGarticlemindfulnesspsychological interventionphysiciansempathyburnoutwell-beingMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11181, p 11181 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mindfulness psychological intervention physicians empathy burnout well-being Medicine R
spellingShingle	mindfulness psychological intervention physicians empathy burnout well-being Medicine R Sara Tement Zalika Klemenc Ketiš Špela Miroševič Polona Selič-Zupančič The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review
description	<b>Introduction:</b> Physician’s burnout has been recognized as an increasing and significant work-related syndrome, described by the combination of emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (D), together with low personal accomplishment (PA). It has many negative consequences on personal, organizational, and patient care levels. This systematic review aimed to analyze research articles where psychological interventions with elements of mindfulness (PIMs) were used to support physicians in order to reduce burnout and foster empathy and well-being. <b>Methods:</b> Systematic searches were conducted in May 2019, within six electronic databases PubMed, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, PsycArticles, Cochrane Library, JSTOR, and Slovenian national library information system. Different combinations of boolean operators were used—mindfulness, empathy, medicine/family medicine/general practice/primary care, burnout, doctors/physicians, intervention, and support group. Additional articles were manually searched from the reference list of the included articles. Studies with other healthcare professionals (not physicians and residents) and/or medical students, and those where PIMs were applied for educational or patient’s treatment purposes were excluded. <b>Results:</b> Of 1194 studies identified, 786 screened and 139 assessed for eligibility, there were 18 studies included in this review. Regardless of a specific type of PIMs applied, results, in general, demonstrate a positive impact on empathy, well-being, and reduction in burnout in participating physicians. Compared with other recent systematic reviews, this is unique due to a broader selection of psychological interventions and emphasis on a sustained effect measurement. <b>Conclusions:</b> Given the pandemic of COVID-19, it is of utmost importance that this review includes also interventions based on modern information technologies (mobile apps) and can be used as an awareness-raising material for physicians providing information about feasible and easily accessible interventions for effective burnout prevention and/or reduction. Future research should upgrade self-reported data with objective psychological measures and address the question of which intervention offers more benefits to physicians.
format	article
author	Sara Tement Zalika Klemenc Ketiš Špela Miroševič Polona Selič-Zupančič
author_facet	Sara Tement Zalika Klemenc Ketiš Špela Miroševič Polona Selič-Zupančič
author_sort	Sara Tement
title	The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review
title_short	The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review
title_full	The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr	The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed	The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review
title_sort	impact of psychological interventions with elements of mindfulness (pim) on empathy, well-being, and reduction of burnout in physicians: a systematic review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d6443e91db5248a4b88e78cdeab89fe6
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The Impact of Psychological Interventions with Elements of Mindfulness (PIM) on Empathy, Well-Being, and Reduction of Burnout in Physicians: A Systematic Review

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