Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study

Abstract Population-based data investigating generational differences in the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk determinants are rare. We examined the 6-year incidence of CVD and its risk factors in first- and second-generation ethnic Indians living in Singapore. 1749 partici...

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Autores principales:	Preeti Gupta, Alfred Tau Liang Gan, Ryan Eyn Kidd Man, Eva K. Fenwick, Yih-Chung Tham, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Tien Yin Wong, Ching-Yu Cheng, Ecosse L. Lamoureux
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Second-generation Indian Risk Factors Incident CVD First-generation Immigrants Risk Determinants Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d6500981209c4af2b679de40d45cc418
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d6500981209c4af2b679de40d45cc4182021-12-02T11:40:35ZRisk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study10.1038/s41598-018-32833-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d6500981209c4af2b679de40d45cc4182018-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32833-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Population-based data investigating generational differences in the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk determinants are rare. We examined the 6-year incidence of CVD and its risk factors in first- and second-generation ethnic Indians living in Singapore. 1749 participants (mean age [SD]: 55.5 [8.8] years; 47.5% male) from a population-based, longitudinal study of Indian adults were included for incident CVD outcome. Incident CVD was defined as self-reported myocardial infarction, angina pectoris or stroke which developed between baseline and follow-up. CVD-related risk factors included incident diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD). For incident CVD outcome, of the 1749 participants, 406 (23.2%) and 1343 (76.8%) were first and second-generation Indians, respectively. Of these, 73 (4.1%) reported incident CVD. In multivariable models, second-generation individuals had increased risk of developing CVD (RR = 2.04; 95% CI 1.04, 3.99; p = 0.038), hyperlipidemia (RR = 1.27; 95% CI 1.06, 1.53; p = 0.011), and CKD (RR = 1.92; 95% CI 1.22, 3.04; p = 0.005), compared to first-generation Indians. Second-generation Indians have increased risk of developing CVD and its associated risk factors such as hyperlipidemia and CKD compared to first-generation immigrants, independent of traditional CVD risk factors. More stratified and tailored CVD prevention strategies on second and subsequent generations of Indian immigrants in Singapore are warranted.Preeti GuptaAlfred Tau Liang GanRyan Eyn Kidd ManEva K. FenwickYih-Chung ThamCharumathi SabanayagamTien Yin WongChing-Yu ChengEcosse L. LamoureuxNature PortfolioarticleSecond-generation IndianRisk FactorsIncident CVDFirst-generation ImmigrantsRisk DeterminantsMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Second-generation Indian Risk Factors Incident CVD First-generation Immigrants Risk Determinants Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Second-generation Indian Risk Factors Incident CVD First-generation Immigrants Risk Determinants Medicine R Science Q Preeti Gupta Alfred Tau Liang Gan Ryan Eyn Kidd Man Eva K. Fenwick Yih-Chung Tham Charumathi Sabanayagam Tien Yin Wong Ching-Yu Cheng Ecosse L. Lamoureux Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study
description	Abstract Population-based data investigating generational differences in the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk determinants are rare. We examined the 6-year incidence of CVD and its risk factors in first- and second-generation ethnic Indians living in Singapore. 1749 participants (mean age [SD]: 55.5 [8.8] years; 47.5% male) from a population-based, longitudinal study of Indian adults were included for incident CVD outcome. Incident CVD was defined as self-reported myocardial infarction, angina pectoris or stroke which developed between baseline and follow-up. CVD-related risk factors included incident diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD). For incident CVD outcome, of the 1749 participants, 406 (23.2%) and 1343 (76.8%) were first and second-generation Indians, respectively. Of these, 73 (4.1%) reported incident CVD. In multivariable models, second-generation individuals had increased risk of developing CVD (RR = 2.04; 95% CI 1.04, 3.99; p = 0.038), hyperlipidemia (RR = 1.27; 95% CI 1.06, 1.53; p = 0.011), and CKD (RR = 1.92; 95% CI 1.22, 3.04; p = 0.005), compared to first-generation Indians. Second-generation Indians have increased risk of developing CVD and its associated risk factors such as hyperlipidemia and CKD compared to first-generation immigrants, independent of traditional CVD risk factors. More stratified and tailored CVD prevention strategies on second and subsequent generations of Indian immigrants in Singapore are warranted.
format	article
author	Preeti Gupta Alfred Tau Liang Gan Ryan Eyn Kidd Man Eva K. Fenwick Yih-Chung Tham Charumathi Sabanayagam Tien Yin Wong Ching-Yu Cheng Ecosse L. Lamoureux
author_facet	Preeti Gupta Alfred Tau Liang Gan Ryan Eyn Kidd Man Eva K. Fenwick Yih-Chung Tham Charumathi Sabanayagam Tien Yin Wong Ching-Yu Cheng Ecosse L. Lamoureux
author_sort	Preeti Gupta
title	Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study
title_short	Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study
title_full	Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study
title_fullStr	Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study
title_full_unstemmed	Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study
title_sort	risk of incident cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk factors in first and second-generation indians: the singapore indian eye study
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/d6500981209c4af2b679de40d45cc418
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Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First and Second-Generation Indians: The Singapore Indian Eye Study

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