Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence

Abstract Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies caused by a warm core eddy (WCE) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA) rendered a crucial influence on modifying the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). During the first cruise to support the Antarctic Modeling and Observation System (ATMOS)...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Luciano P. Pezzi, Ronald B. de Souza, Marcelo F. Santini, Arthur J. Miller, Jonas T. Carvalho, Claudia K. Parise, Mario F. Quadro, Eliana B. Rosa, Flavio Justino, Ueslei A. Sutil, Mylene J. Cabrera, Alexander V. Babanin, Joey Voermans, Ernani L. Nascimento, Rita C. M. Alves, Gabriel B. Munchow, Joel Rubert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d665996fc8b9496790032ddf0d930555
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:d665996fc8b9496790032ddf0d930555
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d665996fc8b9496790032ddf0d9305552021-12-02T15:52:47ZOceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence10.1038/s41598-021-89985-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d665996fc8b9496790032ddf0d9305552021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89985-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies caused by a warm core eddy (WCE) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA) rendered a crucial influence on modifying the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). During the first cruise to support the Antarctic Modeling and Observation System (ATMOS) project, a WCE that was shed from the Brazil Current was sampled. Apart from traditional meteorological measurements, we used the Eddy Covariance method to directly measure the ocean–atmosphere sensible heat, latent heat, momentum, and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes. The mechanisms of pressure adjustment and vertical mixing that can make the MABL unstable were both identified. The WCE also acted to increase the surface winds and heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere. Oceanic regions at middle and high latitudes are expected to absorb atmospheric CO2, and are thereby considered as sinks, due to their cold waters. Instead, the presence of this WCE in midlatitudes, surrounded by predominantly cold waters, caused the ocean to locally act as a CO2 source. The contribution to the atmosphere was estimated as 0.3 ± 0.04 mmol m−2 day−1, averaged over the sampling period. The CO2 transfer velocity coefficient (K) was determined using a quadratic fit and showed an adequate representation of ocean–atmosphere fluxes. The ocean–atmosphere CO2, momentum, and heat fluxes were each closely correlated with the SST. The increase of SST inside the WCE clearly resulted in larger magnitudes of all of the ocean–atmosphere fluxes studied here. This study adds to our understanding of how oceanic mesoscale structures, such as this WCE, affect the overlying atmosphere.Luciano P. PezziRonald B. de SouzaMarcelo F. SantiniArthur J. MillerJonas T. CarvalhoClaudia K. PariseMario F. QuadroEliana B. RosaFlavio JustinoUeslei A. SutilMylene J. CabreraAlexander V. BabaninJoey VoermansErnani L. NascimentoRita C. M. AlvesGabriel B. MunchowJoel RubertNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Luciano P. Pezzi Ronald B. de Souza Marcelo F. Santini Arthur J. Miller Jonas T. Carvalho Claudia K. Parise Mario F. Quadro Eliana B. Rosa Flavio Justino Ueslei A. Sutil Mylene J. Cabrera Alexander V. Babanin Joey Voermans Ernani L. Nascimento Rita C. M. Alves Gabriel B. Munchow Joel Rubert Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence
description	Abstract Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies caused by a warm core eddy (WCE) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA) rendered a crucial influence on modifying the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). During the first cruise to support the Antarctic Modeling and Observation System (ATMOS) project, a WCE that was shed from the Brazil Current was sampled. Apart from traditional meteorological measurements, we used the Eddy Covariance method to directly measure the ocean–atmosphere sensible heat, latent heat, momentum, and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes. The mechanisms of pressure adjustment and vertical mixing that can make the MABL unstable were both identified. The WCE also acted to increase the surface winds and heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere. Oceanic regions at middle and high latitudes are expected to absorb atmospheric CO2, and are thereby considered as sinks, due to their cold waters. Instead, the presence of this WCE in midlatitudes, surrounded by predominantly cold waters, caused the ocean to locally act as a CO2 source. The contribution to the atmosphere was estimated as 0.3 ± 0.04 mmol m−2 day−1, averaged over the sampling period. The CO2 transfer velocity coefficient (K) was determined using a quadratic fit and showed an adequate representation of ocean–atmosphere fluxes. The ocean–atmosphere CO2, momentum, and heat fluxes were each closely correlated with the SST. The increase of SST inside the WCE clearly resulted in larger magnitudes of all of the ocean–atmosphere fluxes studied here. This study adds to our understanding of how oceanic mesoscale structures, such as this WCE, affect the overlying atmosphere.
format	article
author	Luciano P. Pezzi Ronald B. de Souza Marcelo F. Santini Arthur J. Miller Jonas T. Carvalho Claudia K. Parise Mario F. Quadro Eliana B. Rosa Flavio Justino Ueslei A. Sutil Mylene J. Cabrera Alexander V. Babanin Joey Voermans Ernani L. Nascimento Rita C. M. Alves Gabriel B. Munchow Joel Rubert
author_facet	Luciano P. Pezzi Ronald B. de Souza Marcelo F. Santini Arthur J. Miller Jonas T. Carvalho Claudia K. Parise Mario F. Quadro Eliana B. Rosa Flavio Justino Ueslei A. Sutil Mylene J. Cabrera Alexander V. Babanin Joey Voermans Ernani L. Nascimento Rita C. M. Alves Gabriel B. Munchow Joel Rubert
author_sort	Luciano P. Pezzi
title	Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence
title_short	Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence
title_full	Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence
title_fullStr	Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence
title_full_unstemmed	Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence
title_sort	oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and co2 fluxes in the brazil-malvinas confluence
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d665996fc8b9496790032ddf0d930555
work_keys_str_mv	AT lucianoppezzi oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT ronaldbdesouza oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT marcelofsantini oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT arthurjmiller oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT jonastcarvalho oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT claudiakparise oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT mariofquadro oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT elianabrosa oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT flaviojustino oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT uesleiasutil oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT mylenejcabrera oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT alexandervbabanin oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT joeyvoermans oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT ernanilnascimento oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT ritacmalves oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT gabrielbmunchow oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence AT joelrubert oceaniceddyinducedmodificationstoairseaheatandco2fluxesinthebrazilmalvinasconfluence
_version_	1718385599908413440

Oceanic eddy-induced modifications to air–sea heat and CO2 fluxes in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence

Ejemplares similares