Nutritional Effects of the Enteral Nutritional Formula on Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice

Ting Wei, Ye Jia, Wei Xue, Ming Ma, Wenhui Wu College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ming Ma; Wenhui WuCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, No. 999, Huchenghuan Road, Nan...

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Autores principales:	Wei T, Jia Y, Xue W, Ma M, Wu W
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	type 2 diabetes mellitus gut microbiota enteral nutritional formula soy protein whey protein 16s rrna gene sequencing Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d6ab27e5f3954ce0860b1b5981eb310e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d6ab27e5f3954ce0860b1b5981eb310e2021-12-02T17:35:11ZNutritional Effects of the Enteral Nutritional Formula on Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/d6ab27e5f3954ce0860b1b5981eb310e2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/nutritional-effects-of-the-enteral-nutritional-formula-on-regulation-o-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSOhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Ting Wei, Ye Jia, Wei Xue, Ming Ma, Wenhui Wu College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ming Ma; Wenhui WuCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, No. 999, Huchenghuan Road, Nanhui New City, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-21-61900296Email mma@shou.edu.cn; whwu@shou.edu.cnPurpose: Due to the adverse effects of antidiabetic drugs, nowadays, nutraceuticals have been of much interest to investigators. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the potential effects of enteral nutritional (EN) formulas on the gut microbiota and metabolic regulation of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice and compare the differences between whey protein and soy protein.Methods: EN formulas made of whey protein or soy protein were administered for five weeks and then mice tissue samples were obtained to examine the metabolic parameters and histopathology of the pancreas, liver, jejunum and colon. 16S rRNA V3-V4 region gene sequencing was used to analyze the changes in the gut microbiota.Results: After the five-week intervention, the alpha diversity had recovered slightly, and the soy protein group (SPG) achieved a better effect than the whey protein group (LPG). The overall composition of gut microbiota was regulated. The abundance of Bacteroidetes and TM7 had raised significantly and the abundance of Firmicutes and Deferribacteres had declined after treatment, with no significant difference between the LPG and SPG. The types of beneficial bacteria were increased at the genus and species level. The level of hexokinase (HK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) had significantly recovered and inhibited the level of α-glucosidase. In addition, the EN formulas treatment reduced the levels of inflammatory factor (TNF-α) in liver and muscle. The level of glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT-2) levels in the liver and intestine also significantly increased. Moreover, the metabolism regulation of the SPG was better than that of the LPG. The EN formulas treatment improved the pancreas, liver, jejunum and colon histology.Conclusion: The EN formulas regulated the overall structure of the gut microbiota and improved the metabolic level in streptozotocin/high-fat diet (STZ/HFD) diabetic mice. Therefore, EN formula may potentially become an effective nutritional adjunctive therapy for T2DM.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, gut microbiota, enteral nutritional formula, soy protein, whey protein, 16S rRNA gene sequencingWei TJia YXue WMa MWu WDove Medical Pressarticletype 2 diabetes mellitusgut microbiotaenteral nutritional formulasoy proteinwhey protein16s rrna gene sequencingSpecialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol Volume 14, Pp 1855-1869 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	type 2 diabetes mellitus gut microbiota enteral nutritional formula soy protein whey protein 16s rrna gene sequencing Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	type 2 diabetes mellitus gut microbiota enteral nutritional formula soy protein whey protein 16s rrna gene sequencing Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 Wei T Jia Y Xue W Ma M Wu W Nutritional Effects of the Enteral Nutritional Formula on Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice
description	Ting Wei, Ye Jia, Wei Xue, Ming Ma, Wenhui Wu College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ming Ma; Wenhui WuCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, No. 999, Huchenghuan Road, Nanhui New City, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-21-61900296Email mma@shou.edu.cn; whwu@shou.edu.cnPurpose: Due to the adverse effects of antidiabetic drugs, nowadays, nutraceuticals have been of much interest to investigators. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the potential effects of enteral nutritional (EN) formulas on the gut microbiota and metabolic regulation of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice and compare the differences between whey protein and soy protein.Methods: EN formulas made of whey protein or soy protein were administered for five weeks and then mice tissue samples were obtained to examine the metabolic parameters and histopathology of the pancreas, liver, jejunum and colon. 16S rRNA V3-V4 region gene sequencing was used to analyze the changes in the gut microbiota.Results: After the five-week intervention, the alpha diversity had recovered slightly, and the soy protein group (SPG) achieved a better effect than the whey protein group (LPG). The overall composition of gut microbiota was regulated. The abundance of Bacteroidetes and TM7 had raised significantly and the abundance of Firmicutes and Deferribacteres had declined after treatment, with no significant difference between the LPG and SPG. The types of beneficial bacteria were increased at the genus and species level. The level of hexokinase (HK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) had significantly recovered and inhibited the level of α-glucosidase. In addition, the EN formulas treatment reduced the levels of inflammatory factor (TNF-α) in liver and muscle. The level of glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT-2) levels in the liver and intestine also significantly increased. Moreover, the metabolism regulation of the SPG was better than that of the LPG. The EN formulas treatment improved the pancreas, liver, jejunum and colon histology.Conclusion: The EN formulas regulated the overall structure of the gut microbiota and improved the metabolic level in streptozotocin/high-fat diet (STZ/HFD) diabetic mice. Therefore, EN formula may potentially become an effective nutritional adjunctive therapy for T2DM.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, gut microbiota, enteral nutritional formula, soy protein, whey protein, 16S rRNA gene sequencing
format	article
author	Wei T Jia Y Xue W Ma M Wu W
author_facet	Wei T Jia Y Xue W Ma M Wu W
author_sort	Wei T
title	Nutritional Effects of the Enteral Nutritional Formula on Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice
title_short	Nutritional Effects of the Enteral Nutritional Formula on Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice
title_full	Nutritional Effects of the Enteral Nutritional Formula on Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice
title_fullStr	Nutritional Effects of the Enteral Nutritional Formula on Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice
title_full_unstemmed	Nutritional Effects of the Enteral Nutritional Formula on Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice
title_sort	nutritional effects of the enteral nutritional formula on regulation of gut microbiota and metabolic level in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d6ab27e5f3954ce0860b1b5981eb310e
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Nutritional Effects of the Enteral Nutritional Formula on Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice

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