Assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents

Introduction: Tooth whitening procedures are under continuous investigation to improve esthetic outcomes and reduce bleaching sensitivity (BS) precipitating from treatments. During the dental bleaching process it is known that the release of free radicals degrades the organic pigment molecules of th...

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Autores principales:	Hermes Pretel, Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa, Fernando Luis Esteban Florez, Básia Rabelo Nogueira, Osmir Batista de Oliveira Junior
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Hydrogen peroxide Electric potential pH Temporal evolution Dental bleaching Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d71acf306afd4e529d8cf8088bbed75f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d71acf306afd4e529d8cf8088bbed75f2021-12-02T05:03:17ZAssessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents2405-844010.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08452https://doaj.org/article/d71acf306afd4e529d8cf8088bbed75f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402102555Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2405-8440Introduction: Tooth whitening procedures are under continuous investigation to improve esthetic outcomes and reduce bleaching sensitivity (BS) precipitating from treatments. During the dental bleaching process it is known that the release of free radicals degrades the organic pigment molecules of the tooth and with this an amount of energy is released. Nonetheless, previous studies have never investigated the temporal correlation between of pH and electric potential (EP) generated in this treatment. Objectives: Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate temporal variations of pH and EP associated with three different commercially available bleaching gels and the correlation levels between parameters of interest to provide relevant information regarding the kinetics of oxidation reactions in dental bleaching procedures. Methods: The study was divided into 3 groups (n = 9) in function of hydrogen peroxide concentration (either 6%, 15% and 35%). The temporal evolution of pH and EP values were determined using a highly-accurate and previously calibrated pH meter at specific time-points (5, 10, 15 and 30 min). Results: Data obtained were submitted to one-way ANOVA of repeated measures with Bonferroni post-test (α = 0.05). The results of the study showed difference in the factor gel concentration (p < 0,0001), time (p < 0,0001) and interaction (gel/time) (p = 0.002) while throughout the intervals evaluated the groups remained relatively stable and without significant difference in the intragroup variation of pH (p < 0.05) and in EDP only with significant difference in the 5 min interval of the 35% concentration. A 2nd order polynomial relationship test showed high correlation levels. Conclusion: It can thus be concluded that there is a negative relationship between EP and pH variation in the different gel concentrations. Clinical significance: The findings of the present study suggest that bleaching gels of higher concentration may provoke BS that are more intense and durable due to significant electric depolarization of neuronal extensions of pulpal tissues.Hermes PretelJoatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes CostaFernando Luis Esteban FlorezBásia Rabelo NogueiraOsmir Batista de Oliveira JuniorElsevierarticleHydrogen peroxideElectric potentialpHTemporal evolutionDental bleachingScience (General)Q1-390Social sciences (General)H1-99ENHeliyon, Vol 7, Iss 11, Pp e08452- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Hydrogen peroxide Electric potential pH Temporal evolution Dental bleaching Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
spellingShingle	Hydrogen peroxide Electric potential pH Temporal evolution Dental bleaching Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99 Hermes Pretel Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa Fernando Luis Esteban Florez Básia Rabelo Nogueira Osmir Batista de Oliveira Junior Assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents
description	Introduction: Tooth whitening procedures are under continuous investigation to improve esthetic outcomes and reduce bleaching sensitivity (BS) precipitating from treatments. During the dental bleaching process it is known that the release of free radicals degrades the organic pigment molecules of the tooth and with this an amount of energy is released. Nonetheless, previous studies have never investigated the temporal correlation between of pH and electric potential (EP) generated in this treatment. Objectives: Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate temporal variations of pH and EP associated with three different commercially available bleaching gels and the correlation levels between parameters of interest to provide relevant information regarding the kinetics of oxidation reactions in dental bleaching procedures. Methods: The study was divided into 3 groups (n = 9) in function of hydrogen peroxide concentration (either 6%, 15% and 35%). The temporal evolution of pH and EP values were determined using a highly-accurate and previously calibrated pH meter at specific time-points (5, 10, 15 and 30 min). Results: Data obtained were submitted to one-way ANOVA of repeated measures with Bonferroni post-test (α = 0.05). The results of the study showed difference in the factor gel concentration (p < 0,0001), time (p < 0,0001) and interaction (gel/time) (p = 0.002) while throughout the intervals evaluated the groups remained relatively stable and without significant difference in the intragroup variation of pH (p < 0.05) and in EDP only with significant difference in the 5 min interval of the 35% concentration. A 2nd order polynomial relationship test showed high correlation levels. Conclusion: It can thus be concluded that there is a negative relationship between EP and pH variation in the different gel concentrations. Clinical significance: The findings of the present study suggest that bleaching gels of higher concentration may provoke BS that are more intense and durable due to significant electric depolarization of neuronal extensions of pulpal tissues.
format	article
author	Hermes Pretel Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa Fernando Luis Esteban Florez Básia Rabelo Nogueira Osmir Batista de Oliveira Junior
author_facet	Hermes Pretel Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa Fernando Luis Esteban Florez Básia Rabelo Nogueira Osmir Batista de Oliveira Junior
author_sort	Hermes Pretel
title	Assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents
title_short	Assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents
title_full	Assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents
title_fullStr	Assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents
title_full_unstemmed	Assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents
title_sort	assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and ph of different bleaching agents
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d71acf306afd4e529d8cf8088bbed75f
work_keys_str_mv	AT hermespretel assessmentofthetemporalvariationofelectricalpotentialandphofdifferentbleachingagents AT joatanlucasdesousagomescosta assessmentofthetemporalvariationofelectricalpotentialandphofdifferentbleachingagents AT fernandoluisestebanflorez assessmentofthetemporalvariationofelectricalpotentialandphofdifferentbleachingagents AT basiarabelonogueira assessmentofthetemporalvariationofelectricalpotentialandphofdifferentbleachingagents AT osmirbatistadeoliveirajunior assessmentofthetemporalvariationofelectricalpotentialandphofdifferentbleachingagents
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Assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents

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