Marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors

Introduction: Marshes contribute to habitat and water quality in estuaries and coastal bays. Their importance to continued ecosystem functioning has led to concerns about their persistence. Outcomes: Concurrent with sea-level rise, marshes are eroding and appear to be disappearing through ponding in...

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Autores principales:	M. Mitchell, J. Herman, D. M. Bilkovic, C. Hershner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2017
Materias:	Chesapeake Bay climate change coastal resilience marsh change salt marsh sea-level rise tidal wetlands Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d74b34ab49bd4e81af7c9bd328d3bf57
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d74b34ab49bd4e81af7c9bd328d3bf572021-12-02T13:42:21ZMarsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors2096-41292332-887810.1080/20964129.2017.1396009https://doaj.org/article/d74b34ab49bd4e81af7c9bd328d3bf572017-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2017.1396009https://doaj.org/toc/2096-4129https://doaj.org/toc/2332-8878Introduction: Marshes contribute to habitat and water quality in estuaries and coastal bays. Their importance to continued ecosystem functioning has led to concerns about their persistence. Outcomes: Concurrent with sea-level rise, marshes are eroding and appear to be disappearing through ponding in their interior; in addition, in many places, they are being replaced with shoreline stabilization structures. We examined the changes in marsh extent over the past 40 years within a subestuary of Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the United States, to better understand the effects of sea-level rise and human pressure on marsh coverage. Discussion: Approximately 30 years ago, an inventory of York River estuary marshes documented the historic extent of marshes. Marshes were resurveyed in 2010 to examine shifts in tidal marsh extent and distribution. Marsh change varied spatially along the estuary, with watershed changes between a 32% loss and an 11% gain in marsh area. Loss of marsh was apparent in high energy sections of the estuary while there was marsh gain in the upper/riverine section of the estuary and where forested hummocks on marsh islands have become inundated. Marshes showed little change in the small tributary creeks, except in the creeks dominated by fringing marshes and high shoreline development. Conclusions: Differential resilience to sea-level rise and spatial variations in erosion, sediment supply, and human development have resulted in spatially variable changes in specific marsh extents and are predicted to lead to a redistribution of marshes along the estuarine gradient, with consequences for their unique communities.M. MitchellJ. HermanD. M. BilkovicC. HershnerTaylor & Francis GrouparticleChesapeake Bayclimate changecoastal resiliencemarsh changesalt marshsea-level risetidal wetlandsEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcosystem Health and Sustainability, Vol 3, Iss 10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Chesapeake Bay climate change coastal resilience marsh change salt marsh sea-level rise tidal wetlands Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Chesapeake Bay climate change coastal resilience marsh change salt marsh sea-level rise tidal wetlands Ecology QH540-549.5 M. Mitchell J. Herman D. M. Bilkovic C. Hershner Marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors
description	Introduction: Marshes contribute to habitat and water quality in estuaries and coastal bays. Their importance to continued ecosystem functioning has led to concerns about their persistence. Outcomes: Concurrent with sea-level rise, marshes are eroding and appear to be disappearing through ponding in their interior; in addition, in many places, they are being replaced with shoreline stabilization structures. We examined the changes in marsh extent over the past 40 years within a subestuary of Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the United States, to better understand the effects of sea-level rise and human pressure on marsh coverage. Discussion: Approximately 30 years ago, an inventory of York River estuary marshes documented the historic extent of marshes. Marshes were resurveyed in 2010 to examine shifts in tidal marsh extent and distribution. Marsh change varied spatially along the estuary, with watershed changes between a 32% loss and an 11% gain in marsh area. Loss of marsh was apparent in high energy sections of the estuary while there was marsh gain in the upper/riverine section of the estuary and where forested hummocks on marsh islands have become inundated. Marshes showed little change in the small tributary creeks, except in the creeks dominated by fringing marshes and high shoreline development. Conclusions: Differential resilience to sea-level rise and spatial variations in erosion, sediment supply, and human development have resulted in spatially variable changes in specific marsh extents and are predicted to lead to a redistribution of marshes along the estuarine gradient, with consequences for their unique communities.
format	article
author	M. Mitchell J. Herman D. M. Bilkovic C. Hershner
author_facet	M. Mitchell J. Herman D. M. Bilkovic C. Hershner
author_sort	M. Mitchell
title	Marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors
title_short	Marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors
title_full	Marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors
title_fullStr	Marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors
title_full_unstemmed	Marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors
title_sort	marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/d74b34ab49bd4e81af7c9bd328d3bf57
work_keys_str_mv	AT mmitchell marshpersistenceundersealevelriseiscontrolledbymultiplegeologicallyvariablestressors AT jherman marshpersistenceundersealevelriseiscontrolledbymultiplegeologicallyvariablestressors AT dmbilkovic marshpersistenceundersealevelriseiscontrolledbymultiplegeologicallyvariablestressors AT chershner marshpersistenceundersealevelriseiscontrolledbymultiplegeologicallyvariablestressors
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Marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple, geologically variable stressors

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