Vitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence

Severe respiratory infections are characterized by elevated inflammation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may lead to a decrease in antioxidants such as vitamin C and a higher requirement for the vitamin. Administration of intravenous vitamin C to patients with pneumonia and sep...

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Autores principales:	Patrick Holford, Anitra C. Carr, Masuma Zawari, Marcela P. Vizcaychipi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	vitamin C SARS-CoV2 COVID-19 clinical trials randomised controlled trials intravenous vitamin C Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d74db3766f0344e28cffc16679f0bdcd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d74db3766f0344e28cffc16679f0bdcd2021-11-25T18:10:50ZVitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence10.3390/life111111662075-1729https://doaj.org/article/d74db3766f0344e28cffc16679f0bdcd2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/11/1166https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729Severe respiratory infections are characterized by elevated inflammation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may lead to a decrease in antioxidants such as vitamin C and a higher requirement for the vitamin. Administration of intravenous vitamin C to patients with pneumonia and sepsis appears to decrease the severity of the disease and potentially improve survival rate. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes pneumonia, sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe cases, and is referred to as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with COVID-19 infection also appear to have depleted vitamin C status and require additional supplementation of vitamin C during the acute phase of the disease. To date there have been 12 vitamin C and COVID-19 trials published, including five randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and seven retrospective cohort studies. The current level of evidence from the RCTs suggests that intravenous vitamin C intervention may improve oxygenation parameters, reduce inflammatory markers, decrease days in hospital and reduce mortality, particularly in the more severely ill patients. High doses of oral vitamin C supplementation may also improve the rate of recovery in less severe cases. No adverse events have been reported in published vitamin C clinical trials in COVID-19 patients. Upcoming findings from larger RCTs will provide additional evidence on vitamin supplementation in COVID-19 patients.Patrick HolfordAnitra C. CarrMasuma ZawariMarcela P. VizcaychipiMDPI AGarticlevitamin CSARS-CoV2COVID-19clinical trialsrandomised controlled trialsintravenous vitamin CScienceQENLife, Vol 11, Iss 1166, p 1166 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	vitamin C SARS-CoV2 COVID-19 clinical trials randomised controlled trials intravenous vitamin C Science Q
spellingShingle	vitamin C SARS-CoV2 COVID-19 clinical trials randomised controlled trials intravenous vitamin C Science Q Patrick Holford Anitra C. Carr Masuma Zawari Marcela P. Vizcaychipi Vitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence
description	Severe respiratory infections are characterized by elevated inflammation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may lead to a decrease in antioxidants such as vitamin C and a higher requirement for the vitamin. Administration of intravenous vitamin C to patients with pneumonia and sepsis appears to decrease the severity of the disease and potentially improve survival rate. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes pneumonia, sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe cases, and is referred to as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with COVID-19 infection also appear to have depleted vitamin C status and require additional supplementation of vitamin C during the acute phase of the disease. To date there have been 12 vitamin C and COVID-19 trials published, including five randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and seven retrospective cohort studies. The current level of evidence from the RCTs suggests that intravenous vitamin C intervention may improve oxygenation parameters, reduce inflammatory markers, decrease days in hospital and reduce mortality, particularly in the more severely ill patients. High doses of oral vitamin C supplementation may also improve the rate of recovery in less severe cases. No adverse events have been reported in published vitamin C clinical trials in COVID-19 patients. Upcoming findings from larger RCTs will provide additional evidence on vitamin supplementation in COVID-19 patients.
format	article
author	Patrick Holford Anitra C. Carr Masuma Zawari Marcela P. Vizcaychipi
author_facet	Patrick Holford Anitra C. Carr Masuma Zawari Marcela P. Vizcaychipi
author_sort	Patrick Holford
title	Vitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence
title_short	Vitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence
title_full	Vitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence
title_fullStr	Vitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence
title_full_unstemmed	Vitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence
title_sort	vitamin c intervention for critical covid-19: a pragmatic review of the current level of evidence
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d74db3766f0344e28cffc16679f0bdcd
work_keys_str_mv	AT patrickholford vitamincinterventionforcriticalcovid19apragmaticreviewofthecurrentlevelofevidence AT anitraccarr vitamincinterventionforcriticalcovid19apragmaticreviewofthecurrentlevelofevidence AT masumazawari vitamincinterventionforcriticalcovid19apragmaticreviewofthecurrentlevelofevidence AT marcelapvizcaychipi vitamincinterventionforcriticalcovid19apragmaticreviewofthecurrentlevelofevidence
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Vitamin C Intervention for Critical COVID-19: A Pragmatic Review of the Current Level of Evidence

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