Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Performance of Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE Risk Equations

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the Framingham, UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)[1], and the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE)[2] risk equations in prediction of 4-year cardiovascular events in an Iran...

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Autores principales:	Elaheh Yaghoubvand, Rokhsareh Aghili, Neda Karkeabadi, Alireza Khajavi, Mohammad Ebrahim Khamseh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2021
Materias:	cvd risk event framingham ukpds advance Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d7538aa8a3c04b1c8ffd71fe90878f46
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d7538aa8a3c04b1c8ffd71fe90878f462021-11-29T06:16:08ZCardiovascular Events in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Performance of Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE Risk Equations0044-60251735-969410.18502/acta.v59i10.7768https://doaj.org/article/d7538aa8a3c04b1c8ffd71fe90878f462021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/8535https://doaj.org/toc/0044-6025https://doaj.org/toc/1735-9694Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the Framingham, UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)[1], and the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE)[2] risk equations in prediction of 4-year cardiovascular events in an Iranian people with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The 4-year risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD)[3] were estimated using the three equations in a community of 557 patients with type 2 diabetes and free of CVD at baseline. A trained physician evaluated all of the participants regarding occurrence of CVD event during follow up. CVD was defined as major events including fatal/ non-fatal myocardial infarction as well as fatal/non-fatal stroke, minor events including treated coronary heart disease (CHD)[4], and established peripheral arterial disease (PAD)[5]. Results: During 4 years of follow-up, 64 CVD events were observed (66% minor CVD events). Despite having a good calibration (estimated to observed ratio ranging from 91.37 to 98.2 percent, Hosmer–Lemeshow χ2 (HLχ2)[6] values <15), both general (Framingham) and diabetes specific (UKPDS and ADVANCE) equations did not have adequate discriminative ability (AUC[7] ranging from 0.48 to 0.56). Conclusions: Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE risk equations, regardless of being general or diabetes specific, could not precisely predict 4-year risk of CVD in Iranian individuals with type 2 diabetes. [1] UKPDS, UK Prospective Diabetes Study [2] ADVANCE, Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation [3] CVD, Cardiovascular Disease [4] CHD, Coronary Heart Disease [5] PAD, Peripheral Arterial Disease [6] HLχ2, Hosmer–Lemeshow χ2 [7] AUC, Area Under the CurveElaheh YaghoubvandRokhsareh AghiliNeda KarkeabadiAlireza KhajaviMohammad Ebrahim KhamsehTehran University of Medical SciencesarticlecvdriskeventframinghamukpdsadvanceMedicine (General)R5-920ENActa Medica Iranica, Pp 610-616 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cvd risk event framingham ukpds advance Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	cvd risk event framingham ukpds advance Medicine (General) R5-920 Elaheh Yaghoubvand Rokhsareh Aghili Neda Karkeabadi Alireza Khajavi Mohammad Ebrahim Khamseh Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Performance of Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE Risk Equations
description	Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the Framingham, UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)[1], and the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE)[2] risk equations in prediction of 4-year cardiovascular events in an Iranian people with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The 4-year risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD)[3] were estimated using the three equations in a community of 557 patients with type 2 diabetes and free of CVD at baseline. A trained physician evaluated all of the participants regarding occurrence of CVD event during follow up. CVD was defined as major events including fatal/ non-fatal myocardial infarction as well as fatal/non-fatal stroke, minor events including treated coronary heart disease (CHD)[4], and established peripheral arterial disease (PAD)[5]. Results: During 4 years of follow-up, 64 CVD events were observed (66% minor CVD events). Despite having a good calibration (estimated to observed ratio ranging from 91.37 to 98.2 percent, Hosmer–Lemeshow χ2 (HLχ2)[6] values <15), both general (Framingham) and diabetes specific (UKPDS and ADVANCE) equations did not have adequate discriminative ability (AUC[7] ranging from 0.48 to 0.56). Conclusions: Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE risk equations, regardless of being general or diabetes specific, could not precisely predict 4-year risk of CVD in Iranian individuals with type 2 diabetes. [1] UKPDS, UK Prospective Diabetes Study [2] ADVANCE, Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation [3] CVD, Cardiovascular Disease [4] CHD, Coronary Heart Disease [5] PAD, Peripheral Arterial Disease [6] HLχ2, Hosmer–Lemeshow χ2 [7] AUC, Area Under the Curve
format	article
author	Elaheh Yaghoubvand Rokhsareh Aghili Neda Karkeabadi Alireza Khajavi Mohammad Ebrahim Khamseh
author_facet	Elaheh Yaghoubvand Rokhsareh Aghili Neda Karkeabadi Alireza Khajavi Mohammad Ebrahim Khamseh
author_sort	Elaheh Yaghoubvand
title	Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Performance of Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE Risk Equations
title_short	Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Performance of Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE Risk Equations
title_full	Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Performance of Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE Risk Equations
title_fullStr	Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Performance of Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE Risk Equations
title_full_unstemmed	Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Performance of Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE Risk Equations
title_sort	cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes: performance of framingham, ukpds, and advance risk equations
publisher	Tehran University of Medical Sciences
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d7538aa8a3c04b1c8ffd71fe90878f46
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Cardiovascular Events in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Performance of Framingham, UKPDS, and ADVANCE Risk Equations

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