Robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management

Abstract Soybeans are an important crop for global food security. Every year, soybean yields are reduced by numerous soybean diseases, particularly the soybean cyst nematode (SCN). It is difficult to visually identify the presence of SCN in the field, let alone its population densities or numbers, a...

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Autores principales:	Christopher M. Legner, Gregory L. Tylka, Santosh Pandey
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d7652701853e45568613a41336b131b2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d7652701853e45568613a41336b131b22021-12-02T14:06:48ZRobotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management10.1038/s41598-021-82261-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d7652701853e45568613a41336b131b22021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82261-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Soybeans are an important crop for global food security. Every year, soybean yields are reduced by numerous soybean diseases, particularly the soybean cyst nematode (SCN). It is difficult to visually identify the presence of SCN in the field, let alone its population densities or numbers, as there are no obvious aboveground disease symptoms. The only definitive way to assess SCN population densities is to directly extract the SCN cysts from soil and then extract the eggs from cysts and count them. Extraction is typically conducted in commercial soil analysis laboratories and university plant diagnostic clinics and involves repeated steps of sieving, washing, collecting, grinding, and cleaning. Here we present a robotic instrument to reproduce and automate the functions of the conventional methods to extract nematode cysts from soil and subsequently extract eggs from the recovered nematode cysts. We incorporated mechanisms to actuate the stage system, manipulate positions of individual sieves using the gripper, recover cysts and cyst-sized objects from soil suspended in water, and grind the cysts to release their eggs. All system functions are controlled and operated by a touchscreen interface software. The performance of the robotic instrument is evaluated using soil samples infested with SCN from two farms at different locations and results were comparable to the conventional technique. Our new technology brings the benefits of automation to SCN soil diagnostics, a step towards long-term integrated pest management of this serious soybean pest.Christopher M. LegnerGregory L. TylkaSantosh PandeyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Christopher M. Legner Gregory L. Tylka Santosh Pandey Robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management
description	Abstract Soybeans are an important crop for global food security. Every year, soybean yields are reduced by numerous soybean diseases, particularly the soybean cyst nematode (SCN). It is difficult to visually identify the presence of SCN in the field, let alone its population densities or numbers, as there are no obvious aboveground disease symptoms. The only definitive way to assess SCN population densities is to directly extract the SCN cysts from soil and then extract the eggs from cysts and count them. Extraction is typically conducted in commercial soil analysis laboratories and university plant diagnostic clinics and involves repeated steps of sieving, washing, collecting, grinding, and cleaning. Here we present a robotic instrument to reproduce and automate the functions of the conventional methods to extract nematode cysts from soil and subsequently extract eggs from the recovered nematode cysts. We incorporated mechanisms to actuate the stage system, manipulate positions of individual sieves using the gripper, recover cysts and cyst-sized objects from soil suspended in water, and grind the cysts to release their eggs. All system functions are controlled and operated by a touchscreen interface software. The performance of the robotic instrument is evaluated using soil samples infested with SCN from two farms at different locations and results were comparable to the conventional technique. Our new technology brings the benefits of automation to SCN soil diagnostics, a step towards long-term integrated pest management of this serious soybean pest.
format	article
author	Christopher M. Legner Gregory L. Tylka Santosh Pandey
author_facet	Christopher M. Legner Gregory L. Tylka Santosh Pandey
author_sort	Christopher M. Legner
title	Robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management
title_short	Robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management
title_full	Robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management
title_fullStr	Robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management
title_full_unstemmed	Robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management
title_sort	robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d7652701853e45568613a41336b131b2
work_keys_str_mv	AT christophermlegner roboticagriculturalinstrumentforautomatedextractionofnematodecystsandeggsfromsoiltoimproveintegratedpestmanagement AT gregoryltylka roboticagriculturalinstrumentforautomatedextractionofnematodecystsandeggsfromsoiltoimproveintegratedpestmanagement AT santoshpandey roboticagriculturalinstrumentforautomatedextractionofnematodecystsandeggsfromsoiltoimproveintegratedpestmanagement
_version_	1718391992835112960

Robotic agricultural instrument for automated extraction of nematode cysts and eggs from soil to improve integrated pest management

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