Variation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)

Abstract Variations in both the behavior of wildlife and the scale at which the environment most influences the space use of wild animals (i.e., scale of effect) are critical, but often overlooked in habitat selection modeling. Ecologists have proposed that biological responses happening over longer...

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Autores principales:	Andrew S. Hoffman, Annalee M. Tutterow, Meaghan R. Gade, Bryce T. Adams, William E. Peterman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	behavior forest management habitat use multi‐scale radiotelemetry site selection Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d779f71aa05444439a905fb6339da1ce
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d779f71aa05444439a905fb6339da1ce2021-11-29T07:06:42ZVariation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)2150-892510.1002/ecs2.3809https://doaj.org/article/d779f71aa05444439a905fb6339da1ce2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3809https://doaj.org/toc/2150-8925Abstract Variations in both the behavior of wildlife and the scale at which the environment most influences the space use of wild animals (i.e., scale of effect) are critical, but often overlooked in habitat selection modeling. Ecologists have proposed that biological responses happening over longer time frames are influenced by environmental variables at larger spatial scales, but this has rarely been empirically tested. Here, we hypothesized that long‐term patterns of behavior (i.e., lasting multiple weeks to months) would be associated with larger scales of effect than more sporadic behaviors. We predicted site use by 43 radio‐telemetered timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus) exhibiting four distinct, time‐varying behaviors (foraging, digestion, ecdysis, and gestation) using remotely sensed environmental variables related to forest structure and landscape topography. Among sites used by snakes, warmer temperatures and higher levels of forest disturbance were predictive of behaviors dependent on thermoregulation including gestation and ecdysis while more moderate temperatures and drier, more oak‐dominated sites were predictive of foraging. Long‐term behaviors were associated with larger spatial scales across most variables, supporting our hypothesis that the scale at which habitat selection occurs is linked to the temporal scale of relevant behaviors. Management recommendations based on single‐scale models of habitat use that do not account for fine‐scale variations in behavior may obscure the importance of potentially limiting habitat features needed for infrequent behaviors that are important for growth and reproduction of this and related species.Andrew S. HoffmanAnnalee M. TutterowMeaghan R. GadeBryce T. AdamsWilliam E. PetermanWileyarticlebehaviorforest managementhabitat usemulti‐scaleradiotelemetrysite selectionEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcosphere, Vol 12, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	behavior forest management habitat use multi‐scale radiotelemetry site selection Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	behavior forest management habitat use multi‐scale radiotelemetry site selection Ecology QH540-549.5 Andrew S. Hoffman Annalee M. Tutterow Meaghan R. Gade Bryce T. Adams William E. Peterman Variation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)
description	Abstract Variations in both the behavior of wildlife and the scale at which the environment most influences the space use of wild animals (i.e., scale of effect) are critical, but often overlooked in habitat selection modeling. Ecologists have proposed that biological responses happening over longer time frames are influenced by environmental variables at larger spatial scales, but this has rarely been empirically tested. Here, we hypothesized that long‐term patterns of behavior (i.e., lasting multiple weeks to months) would be associated with larger scales of effect than more sporadic behaviors. We predicted site use by 43 radio‐telemetered timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus) exhibiting four distinct, time‐varying behaviors (foraging, digestion, ecdysis, and gestation) using remotely sensed environmental variables related to forest structure and landscape topography. Among sites used by snakes, warmer temperatures and higher levels of forest disturbance were predictive of behaviors dependent on thermoregulation including gestation and ecdysis while more moderate temperatures and drier, more oak‐dominated sites were predictive of foraging. Long‐term behaviors were associated with larger spatial scales across most variables, supporting our hypothesis that the scale at which habitat selection occurs is linked to the temporal scale of relevant behaviors. Management recommendations based on single‐scale models of habitat use that do not account for fine‐scale variations in behavior may obscure the importance of potentially limiting habitat features needed for infrequent behaviors that are important for growth and reproduction of this and related species.
format	article
author	Andrew S. Hoffman Annalee M. Tutterow Meaghan R. Gade Bryce T. Adams William E. Peterman
author_facet	Andrew S. Hoffman Annalee M. Tutterow Meaghan R. Gade Bryce T. Adams William E. Peterman
author_sort	Andrew S. Hoffman
title	Variation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)
title_short	Variation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)
title_full	Variation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)
title_fullStr	Variation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)
title_full_unstemmed	Variation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)
title_sort	variation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (crotalus horridus)
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d779f71aa05444439a905fb6339da1ce
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Variation in behavior drives multi‐scale responses to habitat conditions in timber rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus)

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