Positive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration

Introduction/purpose: At altitudes of 80 to 40 km, while the spacecraft made of duralumin without a thermal-protective coating was descending from the flight orbit at the first and second cosmic velocities, data were obtained on the increase in density, pressure, and temperature behind the shock...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal:	Leonid I. Gretchikhin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	University of Defence in Belgrade 2021
Materias:	negative ions spacecraft charging convective heat transfer radiative heat transfer ionization phenomenon shock waves explosion Military Science U Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d77c674ee1824b2a95041c8a5984b671
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:d77c674ee1824b2a95041c8a5984b671
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d77c674ee1824b2a95041c8a5984b6712021-12-02T15:07:37ZPositive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration10.5937/vojtehg69-321090042-84692217-4753https://doaj.org/article/d77c674ee1824b2a95041c8a5984b6712021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0042-8469/2021/0042-84692103607G.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/0042-8469https://doaj.org/toc/2217-4753Introduction/purpose: At altitudes of 80 to 40 km, while the spacecraft made of duralumin without a thermal-protective coating was descending from the flight orbit at the first and second cosmic velocities, data were obtained on the increase in density, pressure, and temperature behind the shock front, as well as on the backout of the shock wave from the surface of the descending spacecraft. Methods: Calculations were made of the energy fluxes on the surface of the spacecraft for every 10 km, for convective and radiative heat transfer, as well as for the impact of electrons produced due to ionization of negative ions. Results: At the first cosmic velocity, the greatest energy flux is realized under the influence of an electron flux, and at the second cosmic velocity, radiative heat transfer occurs. In the shock-compressed gas at all the considered altitudes, pressure increases instantly to a value of 109 ÷ 1011 Pa, which leads to a sequential explosion with increasing power resulting in shock waves in the surrounding atmosphere and compression waves in the entire aircraft structure. The last most powerful explosion occurs at an altitude of approx. 40 km. Conclusion: The descending aircraft is destroyed into separate small parts to the size of small dust particles. Leonid I. Gretchikhin University of Defence in Belgradearticlenegative ionsspacecraftchargingconvective heat transferradiative heat transferionization phenomenonshock wavesexplosionMilitary ScienceUEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENVojnotehnički Glasnik, Vol 69, Iss 3, Pp 607-637 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	negative ions spacecraft charging convective heat transfer radiative heat transfer ionization phenomenon shock waves explosion Military Science U Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
spellingShingle	negative ions spacecraft charging convective heat transfer radiative heat transfer ionization phenomenon shock waves explosion Military Science U Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Leonid I. Gretchikhin Positive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration
description	Introduction/purpose: At altitudes of 80 to 40 km, while the spacecraft made of duralumin without a thermal-protective coating was descending from the flight orbit at the first and second cosmic velocities, data were obtained on the increase in density, pressure, and temperature behind the shock front, as well as on the backout of the shock wave from the surface of the descending spacecraft. Methods: Calculations were made of the energy fluxes on the surface of the spacecraft for every 10 km, for convective and radiative heat transfer, as well as for the impact of electrons produced due to ionization of negative ions. Results: At the first cosmic velocity, the greatest energy flux is realized under the influence of an electron flux, and at the second cosmic velocity, radiative heat transfer occurs. In the shock-compressed gas at all the considered altitudes, pressure increases instantly to a value of 109 ÷ 1011 Pa, which leads to a sequential explosion with increasing power resulting in shock waves in the surrounding atmosphere and compression waves in the entire aircraft structure. The last most powerful explosion occurs at an altitude of approx. 40 km. Conclusion: The descending aircraft is destroyed into separate small parts to the size of small dust particles.
format	article
author	Leonid I. Gretchikhin
author_facet	Leonid I. Gretchikhin
author_sort	Leonid I. Gretchikhin
title	Positive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration
title_short	Positive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration
title_full	Positive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration
title_fullStr	Positive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration
title_full_unstemmed	Positive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration
title_sort	positive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration
publisher	University of Defence in Belgrade
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d77c674ee1824b2a95041c8a5984b671
work_keys_str_mv	AT leonidigretchikhin positiveandnegativeroleofnegativeionsincosmicexploration
_version_	1718388481682571264

Positive and negative role of negative ions in cosmic exploration

Ejemplares similares