Responses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern Chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture

Cage fish farms release the inorganic nutrients ammonium (NH4) and phosphate (PO4) into the surrounding water. The objectives of this experiment from the Comau fjord (42.2°S) in southern Chile was to study how increased input of NH4 and PO4 to pelagic waters affects the biomass of defined functional...

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Autores principales:	LM Olsen, KL Hernández, M Van Ardelan, JL Iriarte, N Sánchez, HE González, N Tokle, Y Olsen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Inter-Research 2014
Materias:	Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d7baeb57209b4d21aba60be66d670505
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d7baeb57209b4d21aba60be66d6705052021-11-16T10:29:55ZResponses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern Chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture1869-215X1869-753410.3354/aei00114https://doaj.org/article/d7baeb57209b4d21aba60be66d6705052014-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v6/n1/p11-27/https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534Cage fish farms release the inorganic nutrients ammonium (NH4) and phosphate (PO4) into the surrounding water. The objectives of this experiment from the Comau fjord (42.2°S) in southern Chile was to study how increased input of NH4 and PO4 to pelagic waters affects the biomass of defined functional groups of the microbial food web and the community composition of the micro-autotrophs. We used microcosms with NH4 and PO4 added in a gradient of concentrations, with the same N:P ratio as in aquaculture effluent. In addition, silicic acid was added in a 1:1 ratio with nitrogen to mimic the rich supply of silicon from both deep water and river water entering this fjord. A positive biomass response to nutrient loading rate was observed in the micro-autotroph, micro-heterotroph, and meso-heterotroph functional groups dominated by micro-phytoplankton, ciliates, and copepods, respectively. Silicon concentration was reduced to a low level, but the Si supply ratio maintained a dominance of diatoms. Biomass increase was accompanied by a succession in the diatom-dominated community towards large and elongated, possibly grazer-resistant species and some small elongated species adapted to silicon-limited conditions. Grazers had a role in the succession by removing successful non-elongated competitors. Silicon, which is not released by fish farms, played a crucial role in the phytoplankton response. With reduced freshwater input in Patagonia as predicted due to climate change, the supply of silicon to the productive zone below the brackish layer might be reduced, which could shift the phytoplankton community more in favor of dinoflagellates or other non-silicified species.LM OlsenKL HernándezM Van ArdelanJL IriarteN SánchezHE GonzálezN TokleY OlsenInter-ResearcharticleAquaculture. Fisheries. AnglingSH1-691EcologyQH540-549.5ENAquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 11-27 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 LM Olsen KL Hernández M Van Ardelan JL Iriarte N Sánchez HE González N Tokle Y Olsen Responses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern Chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture
description	Cage fish farms release the inorganic nutrients ammonium (NH4) and phosphate (PO4) into the surrounding water. The objectives of this experiment from the Comau fjord (42.2°S) in southern Chile was to study how increased input of NH4 and PO4 to pelagic waters affects the biomass of defined functional groups of the microbial food web and the community composition of the micro-autotrophs. We used microcosms with NH4 and PO4 added in a gradient of concentrations, with the same N:P ratio as in aquaculture effluent. In addition, silicic acid was added in a 1:1 ratio with nitrogen to mimic the rich supply of silicon from both deep water and river water entering this fjord. A positive biomass response to nutrient loading rate was observed in the micro-autotroph, micro-heterotroph, and meso-heterotroph functional groups dominated by micro-phytoplankton, ciliates, and copepods, respectively. Silicon concentration was reduced to a low level, but the Si supply ratio maintained a dominance of diatoms. Biomass increase was accompanied by a succession in the diatom-dominated community towards large and elongated, possibly grazer-resistant species and some small elongated species adapted to silicon-limited conditions. Grazers had a role in the succession by removing successful non-elongated competitors. Silicon, which is not released by fish farms, played a crucial role in the phytoplankton response. With reduced freshwater input in Patagonia as predicted due to climate change, the supply of silicon to the productive zone below the brackish layer might be reduced, which could shift the phytoplankton community more in favor of dinoflagellates or other non-silicified species.
format	article
author	LM Olsen KL Hernández M Van Ardelan JL Iriarte N Sánchez HE González N Tokle Y Olsen
author_facet	LM Olsen KL Hernández M Van Ardelan JL Iriarte N Sánchez HE González N Tokle Y Olsen
author_sort	LM Olsen
title	Responses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern Chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture
title_short	Responses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern Chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture
title_full	Responses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern Chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture
title_fullStr	Responses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern Chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture
title_full_unstemmed	Responses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern Chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture
title_sort	responses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture
publisher	Inter-Research
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/d7baeb57209b4d21aba60be66d670505
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Responses in the microbial food web to increased rates of nutrient supply in a southern Chilean fjord: possible implications of cage aquaculture

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