Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing

Loach (<i>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</i>) is well known to perform air-breathing through the posterior intestine and skin. However, we find here for the first time a unique central vascular structure in the loach barbel, with a blood–gas diffusion distance as short as that of the posteri...

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Autores principales:	Bing Sun, Songqian Huang, Longfei Huang, Lijuan Yang, Jian Gao, Xiaojuan Cao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</i> barbel air-breathing transcriptome <i>fn1b</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d7d69a6cbfb54d388c26d23c12b68dc5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d7d69a6cbfb54d388c26d23c12b68dc52021-11-11T17:21:12ZFibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing10.3390/ijms2221119281422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/d7d69a6cbfb54d388c26d23c12b68dc52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11928https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Loach (<i>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</i>) is well known to perform air-breathing through the posterior intestine and skin. However, we find here for the first time a unique central vascular structure in the loach barbel, with a blood–gas diffusion distance as short as that of the posterior intestine. Under acute hypoxia, the distance of loach barbels became significantly shorter. Moreover, barbel removal significantly decreased air-breathing frequency of the loach. These findings imply that the barbel is another air-breathing organ of the loach. For further investigation of loach barbel air-breathing, a transcriptome analysis of barbels with air exposure treatment was performed. A total of 2546 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the T-XU (air exposure) and C-XU (control) group were identified, and 13 key DEGs related to barbel air-breathing were screened out. On this foundation, sequence, expression, and location analysis results indicated an important positive role of fibronectin 1b (<i>fn1b</i>) in loach barbel air-breathing. We further generated an <i>fn1b</i>-depletion loach (MT for short) using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. It was indicated that depletion of <i>fn1b</i> could weaker barbel air-breathing ability. In conclusion, due to nonlethal and regenerative characteristics, the loach barbel, a newly discovered and <i>fn1b</i>-related fish air-breathing organ, can be a good model for fish air-breathing research.Bing SunSongqian HuangLongfei HuangLijuan YangJian GaoXiaojuan CaoMDPI AGarticle<i>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</i>barbelair-breathingtranscriptome<i>fn1b</i>Biology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11928, p 11928 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</i> barbel air-breathing transcriptome <i>fn1b</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	<i>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</i> barbel air-breathing transcriptome <i>fn1b</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Bing Sun Songqian Huang Longfei Huang Lijuan Yang Jian Gao Xiaojuan Cao Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
description	Loach (<i>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</i>) is well known to perform air-breathing through the posterior intestine and skin. However, we find here for the first time a unique central vascular structure in the loach barbel, with a blood–gas diffusion distance as short as that of the posterior intestine. Under acute hypoxia, the distance of loach barbels became significantly shorter. Moreover, barbel removal significantly decreased air-breathing frequency of the loach. These findings imply that the barbel is another air-breathing organ of the loach. For further investigation of loach barbel air-breathing, a transcriptome analysis of barbels with air exposure treatment was performed. A total of 2546 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the T-XU (air exposure) and C-XU (control) group were identified, and 13 key DEGs related to barbel air-breathing were screened out. On this foundation, sequence, expression, and location analysis results indicated an important positive role of fibronectin 1b (<i>fn1b</i>) in loach barbel air-breathing. We further generated an <i>fn1b</i>-depletion loach (MT for short) using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. It was indicated that depletion of <i>fn1b</i> could weaker barbel air-breathing ability. In conclusion, due to nonlethal and regenerative characteristics, the loach barbel, a newly discovered and <i>fn1b</i>-related fish air-breathing organ, can be a good model for fish air-breathing research.
format	article
author	Bing Sun Songqian Huang Longfei Huang Lijuan Yang Jian Gao Xiaojuan Cao
author_facet	Bing Sun Songqian Huang Longfei Huang Lijuan Yang Jian Gao Xiaojuan Cao
author_sort	Bing Sun
title	Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_short	Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_full	Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_fullStr	Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_full_unstemmed	Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_sort	fibronectin 1b gene plays an important role in loach barbel air-breathing
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d7d69a6cbfb54d388c26d23c12b68dc5
work_keys_str_mv	AT bingsun fibronectin1bgeneplaysanimportantroleinloachbarbelairbreathing AT songqianhuang fibronectin1bgeneplaysanimportantroleinloachbarbelairbreathing AT longfeihuang fibronectin1bgeneplaysanimportantroleinloachbarbelairbreathing AT lijuanyang fibronectin1bgeneplaysanimportantroleinloachbarbelairbreathing AT jiangao fibronectin1bgeneplaysanimportantroleinloachbarbelairbreathing AT xiaojuancao fibronectin1bgeneplaysanimportantroleinloachbarbelairbreathing
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Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing

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