Pervasive Effects of <italic toggle="yes">Wolbachia</italic> on Host Temperature Preference

ABSTRACT Heritable symbionts can modify a range of ecologically important host traits, including behavior. About half of all insect species are infected with maternally transmitted Wolbachia, a bacterial endosymbiont known to alter host reproduction, nutrient acquisition, and virus susceptibility. H...

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Autores principales:	Michael T. J. Hague, Chelsey N. Caldwell, Brandon S. Cooper
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	Drosophila host-microbe interaction symbiosis thermal adaptation thermoregulation wMel Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d7fe2b2a2e424970822be8e0f94062cb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d7fe2b2a2e424970822be8e0f94062cb2021-11-15T16:19:08ZPervasive Effects of <italic toggle="yes">Wolbachia</italic> on Host Temperature Preference10.1128/mBio.01768-202150-7511https://doaj.org/article/d7fe2b2a2e424970822be8e0f94062cb2020-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01768-20https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Heritable symbionts can modify a range of ecologically important host traits, including behavior. About half of all insect species are infected with maternally transmitted Wolbachia, a bacterial endosymbiont known to alter host reproduction, nutrient acquisition, and virus susceptibility. Here, we broadly test the hypothesis that Wolbachia modifies host behavior by assessing the effects of eight different Wolbachia strains on the temperature preference of six Drosophila melanogaster subgroup species. Four of the seven host genotypes infected with A-group Wolbachia strains (wRi in Drosophila simulans, wHa in D. simulans, wSh in Drosophila sechellia, and wTei in Drosophila teissieri) prefer significantly cooler temperatures relative to uninfected genotypes. Contrastingly, when infected with divergent B-group wMau, Drosophila mauritiana prefers a warmer temperature. For most strains, changes to host temperature preference do not alter Wolbachia titer. However, males infected with wSh and wTei tend to experience an increase in titer when shifted to a cooler temperature for 24 h, suggesting that Wolbachia-induced changes to host behavior may promote bacterial replication. Our results indicate that Wolbachia modifications to host temperature preference are likely widespread, which has important implications for insect thermoregulation and physiology. Understanding the fitness consequences of these Wolbachia effects is crucial for predicting evolutionary outcomes of host-symbiont interactions, including how Wolbachia spreads to become common. IMPORTANCE Microbes infect a diversity of species, influencing the performance and fitness of their hosts. Maternally transmitted Wolbachia bacteria infect most insects and other arthropods, making these bacteria some of the most common endosymbionts in nature. Despite their global prevalence, it remains mostly unknown how Wolbachia influence host physiology and behavior to proliferate. We demonstrate pervasive effects of Wolbachia on Drosophila temperature preference. Most hosts infected with A-group Wolbachia prefer cooler temperatures, whereas the one host species infected with divergent B-group Wolbachia prefers warmer temperatures, relative to uninfected genotypes. Changes to host temperature preference generally do not alter Wolbachia abundance in host tissues, but for some A-group strains, adult males have increased Wolbachia titer when shifted to a cooler temperature. This suggests that Wolbachia-induced changes to host behavior may promote bacterial replication. Our results help elucidate the impact of endosymbionts on their hosts amid the global Wolbachia pandemic.Michael T. J. HagueChelsey N. CaldwellBrandon S. CooperAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleDrosophilahost-microbe interactionsymbiosisthermal adaptationthermoregulationwMelMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 11, Iss 5 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Drosophila host-microbe interaction symbiosis thermal adaptation thermoregulation wMel Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Drosophila host-microbe interaction symbiosis thermal adaptation thermoregulation wMel Microbiology QR1-502 Michael T. J. Hague Chelsey N. Caldwell Brandon S. Cooper Pervasive Effects of <italic toggle="yes">Wolbachia</italic> on Host Temperature Preference
description	ABSTRACT Heritable symbionts can modify a range of ecologically important host traits, including behavior. About half of all insect species are infected with maternally transmitted Wolbachia, a bacterial endosymbiont known to alter host reproduction, nutrient acquisition, and virus susceptibility. Here, we broadly test the hypothesis that Wolbachia modifies host behavior by assessing the effects of eight different Wolbachia strains on the temperature preference of six Drosophila melanogaster subgroup species. Four of the seven host genotypes infected with A-group Wolbachia strains (wRi in Drosophila simulans, wHa in D. simulans, wSh in Drosophila sechellia, and wTei in Drosophila teissieri) prefer significantly cooler temperatures relative to uninfected genotypes. Contrastingly, when infected with divergent B-group wMau, Drosophila mauritiana prefers a warmer temperature. For most strains, changes to host temperature preference do not alter Wolbachia titer. However, males infected with wSh and wTei tend to experience an increase in titer when shifted to a cooler temperature for 24 h, suggesting that Wolbachia-induced changes to host behavior may promote bacterial replication. Our results indicate that Wolbachia modifications to host temperature preference are likely widespread, which has important implications for insect thermoregulation and physiology. Understanding the fitness consequences of these Wolbachia effects is crucial for predicting evolutionary outcomes of host-symbiont interactions, including how Wolbachia spreads to become common. IMPORTANCE Microbes infect a diversity of species, influencing the performance and fitness of their hosts. Maternally transmitted Wolbachia bacteria infect most insects and other arthropods, making these bacteria some of the most common endosymbionts in nature. Despite their global prevalence, it remains mostly unknown how Wolbachia influence host physiology and behavior to proliferate. We demonstrate pervasive effects of Wolbachia on Drosophila temperature preference. Most hosts infected with A-group Wolbachia prefer cooler temperatures, whereas the one host species infected with divergent B-group Wolbachia prefers warmer temperatures, relative to uninfected genotypes. Changes to host temperature preference generally do not alter Wolbachia abundance in host tissues, but for some A-group strains, adult males have increased Wolbachia titer when shifted to a cooler temperature. This suggests that Wolbachia-induced changes to host behavior may promote bacterial replication. Our results help elucidate the impact of endosymbionts on their hosts amid the global Wolbachia pandemic.
format	article
author	Michael T. J. Hague Chelsey N. Caldwell Brandon S. Cooper
author_facet	Michael T. J. Hague Chelsey N. Caldwell Brandon S. Cooper
author_sort	Michael T. J. Hague
title	Pervasive Effects of <italic toggle="yes">Wolbachia</italic> on Host Temperature Preference
title_short	Pervasive Effects of <italic toggle="yes">Wolbachia</italic> on Host Temperature Preference
title_full	Pervasive Effects of <italic toggle="yes">Wolbachia</italic> on Host Temperature Preference
title_fullStr	Pervasive Effects of <italic toggle="yes">Wolbachia</italic> on Host Temperature Preference
title_full_unstemmed	Pervasive Effects of <italic toggle="yes">Wolbachia</italic> on Host Temperature Preference
title_sort	pervasive effects of <italic toggle="yes">wolbachia</italic> on host temperature preference
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/d7fe2b2a2e424970822be8e0f94062cb
work_keys_str_mv	AT michaeltjhague pervasiveeffectsofitalictoggleyeswolbachiaitaliconhosttemperaturepreference AT chelseyncaldwell pervasiveeffectsofitalictoggleyeswolbachiaitaliconhosttemperaturepreference AT brandonscooper pervasiveeffectsofitalictoggleyeswolbachiaitaliconhosttemperaturepreference
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Pervasive Effects of <italic toggle="yes">Wolbachia</italic> on Host Temperature Preference

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