Amplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains

Abstract To elucidate factors underlying the evolution of large brains in cetaceans, we examined 16 brains from 14 cetartiodactyl species, with immunohistochemical techniques, for evidence of non-shivering thermogenesis. We show that, in comparison to the 11 artiodactyl brains studied (from 11 speci...

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Autores principales:	Paul R. Manger, Nina Patzke, Muhammad A. Spocter, Adhil Bhagwandin, Karl Æ. Karlsson, Mads F. Bertelsen, Abdulaziz N. Alagaili, Nigel C. Bennett, Osama B. Mohammed, Suzana Herculano-Houzel, Patrick R. Hof, Kjell Fuxe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d8098c62bccb473f8ca411cd5a35192a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d8098c62bccb473f8ca411cd5a35192a2021-12-02T11:37:21ZAmplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains10.1038/s41598-021-84762-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d8098c62bccb473f8ca411cd5a35192a2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84762-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract To elucidate factors underlying the evolution of large brains in cetaceans, we examined 16 brains from 14 cetartiodactyl species, with immunohistochemical techniques, for evidence of non-shivering thermogenesis. We show that, in comparison to the 11 artiodactyl brains studied (from 11 species), the 5 cetacean brains (from 3 species), exhibit an expanded expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1, UCPs being mitochondrial inner membrane proteins that dissipate the proton gradient to generate heat) in cortical neurons, immunolocalization of UCP4 within a substantial proportion of glia throughout the brain, and an increased density of noradrenergic axonal boutons (noradrenaline functioning to control concentrations of and activate UCPs). Thus, cetacean brains studied possess multiple characteristics indicative of intensified thermogenetic functionality that can be related to their current and historical obligatory aquatic niche. These findings necessitate reassessment of our concepts regarding the reasons for large brain evolution and associated functional capacities in cetaceans.Paul R. MangerNina PatzkeMuhammad A. SpocterAdhil BhagwandinKarl Æ. KarlssonMads F. BertelsenAbdulaziz N. AlagailiNigel C. BennettOsama B. MohammedSuzana Herculano-HouzelPatrick R. HofKjell FuxeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Paul R. Manger Nina Patzke Muhammad A. Spocter Adhil Bhagwandin Karl Æ. Karlsson Mads F. Bertelsen Abdulaziz N. Alagaili Nigel C. Bennett Osama B. Mohammed Suzana Herculano-Houzel Patrick R. Hof Kjell Fuxe Amplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains
description	Abstract To elucidate factors underlying the evolution of large brains in cetaceans, we examined 16 brains from 14 cetartiodactyl species, with immunohistochemical techniques, for evidence of non-shivering thermogenesis. We show that, in comparison to the 11 artiodactyl brains studied (from 11 species), the 5 cetacean brains (from 3 species), exhibit an expanded expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1, UCPs being mitochondrial inner membrane proteins that dissipate the proton gradient to generate heat) in cortical neurons, immunolocalization of UCP4 within a substantial proportion of glia throughout the brain, and an increased density of noradrenergic axonal boutons (noradrenaline functioning to control concentrations of and activate UCPs). Thus, cetacean brains studied possess multiple characteristics indicative of intensified thermogenetic functionality that can be related to their current and historical obligatory aquatic niche. These findings necessitate reassessment of our concepts regarding the reasons for large brain evolution and associated functional capacities in cetaceans.
format	article
author	Paul R. Manger Nina Patzke Muhammad A. Spocter Adhil Bhagwandin Karl Æ. Karlsson Mads F. Bertelsen Abdulaziz N. Alagaili Nigel C. Bennett Osama B. Mohammed Suzana Herculano-Houzel Patrick R. Hof Kjell Fuxe
author_facet	Paul R. Manger Nina Patzke Muhammad A. Spocter Adhil Bhagwandin Karl Æ. Karlsson Mads F. Bertelsen Abdulaziz N. Alagaili Nigel C. Bennett Osama B. Mohammed Suzana Herculano-Houzel Patrick R. Hof Kjell Fuxe
author_sort	Paul R. Manger
title	Amplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains
title_short	Amplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains
title_full	Amplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains
title_fullStr	Amplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains
title_full_unstemmed	Amplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains
title_sort	amplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d8098c62bccb473f8ca411cd5a35192a
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Amplification of potential thermogenetic mechanisms in cetacean brains compared to artiodactyl brains

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