Freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor

Abstract Concentrated juices are sources of alcoholic drinks. Juice concentration may be achieved using different methods, such as freezing or heating. High temperatures in the process of juice concentration damage heat-sensitive components, such as aromatic compounds. Although the freezing process...

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Autores principales:	Tsuyoshi Yoda, Hiroshi Miyaki, Tomoaki Saito
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d824c95f89da40f1b67dab402edba9af
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d824c95f89da40f1b67dab402edba9af2021-12-02T17:23:16ZFreeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor10.1038/s41598-021-92274-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d824c95f89da40f1b67dab402edba9af2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92274-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Concentrated juices are sources of alcoholic drinks. Juice concentration may be achieved using different methods, such as freezing or heating. High temperatures in the process of juice concentration damage heat-sensitive components, such as aromatic compounds. Although the freezing process of juice concentration has been studied, analyses have been inadequate, particularly in addressing flavors. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of freezing and heating during apple juice concentration in the context of flavor. We found that a total of 97 compounds were found in fresh juice, and freeze-concentrated juice retained 57 of these compounds. Interestingly, freezing led to the generation of 37 flavor compounds. Furthermore, people had difficultly differentiating between intact and frozen concentrated juice. The ratios were almost same between those who correctly identified (28%) and those who incorrectly identified fresh and reconstituted freeze-concentrated juice (25%). We discuss the mechanisms of flavor generation on freezing concentration with regard to the increases in enzymatic activity or other causes. Our study showed that the methods of juice concentration that utilize freezing retain flavor better. These data will benefit juice concentration processes of apples and other fruits in the future.Tsuyoshi YodaHiroshi MiyakiTomoaki SaitoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tsuyoshi Yoda Hiroshi Miyaki Tomoaki Saito Freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor
description	Abstract Concentrated juices are sources of alcoholic drinks. Juice concentration may be achieved using different methods, such as freezing or heating. High temperatures in the process of juice concentration damage heat-sensitive components, such as aromatic compounds. Although the freezing process of juice concentration has been studied, analyses have been inadequate, particularly in addressing flavors. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of freezing and heating during apple juice concentration in the context of flavor. We found that a total of 97 compounds were found in fresh juice, and freeze-concentrated juice retained 57 of these compounds. Interestingly, freezing led to the generation of 37 flavor compounds. Furthermore, people had difficultly differentiating between intact and frozen concentrated juice. The ratios were almost same between those who correctly identified (28%) and those who incorrectly identified fresh and reconstituted freeze-concentrated juice (25%). We discuss the mechanisms of flavor generation on freezing concentration with regard to the increases in enzymatic activity or other causes. Our study showed that the methods of juice concentration that utilize freezing retain flavor better. These data will benefit juice concentration processes of apples and other fruits in the future.
format	article
author	Tsuyoshi Yoda Hiroshi Miyaki Tomoaki Saito
author_facet	Tsuyoshi Yoda Hiroshi Miyaki Tomoaki Saito
author_sort	Tsuyoshi Yoda
title	Freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor
title_short	Freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor
title_full	Freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor
title_fullStr	Freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor
title_full_unstemmed	Freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor
title_sort	freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d824c95f89da40f1b67dab402edba9af
work_keys_str_mv	AT tsuyoshiyoda freezeconcentratedapplejuicemaintainsitsflavor AT hiroshimiyaki freezeconcentratedapplejuicemaintainsitsflavor AT tomoakisaito freezeconcentratedapplejuicemaintainsitsflavor
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Freeze concentrated apple juice maintains its flavor

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