Gross Ecosystem Productivity Dominates the Control of Ecosystem Methane Flux in Rice Paddies

Although rice paddy fields are one of the world’s largest anthropogenic sources of methane CH<sub>4</sub>, the budget of ecosystem CH<sub>4</sub> and its’ controls in rice paddies remain unclear. Here, we analyze seasonal dynamics of direct ecosystem-scale measurements of CH&...

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Autores principales:	Hong Li, Min Zhao, Changhui Peng, Haiqiang Guo, Qing Wang, Bin Zhao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	CH<sub>4</sub> flux eddy covariance budget gross ecosystem productivity rice paddy Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d82fd9091aa84b2ebd0310359b6ad993
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d82fd9091aa84b2ebd0310359b6ad9932021-11-25T18:09:32ZGross Ecosystem Productivity Dominates the Control of Ecosystem Methane Flux in Rice Paddies10.3390/land101111862073-445Xhttps://doaj.org/article/d82fd9091aa84b2ebd0310359b6ad9932021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/11/1186https://doaj.org/toc/2073-445XAlthough rice paddy fields are one of the world’s largest anthropogenic sources of methane CH<sub>4</sub>, the budget of ecosystem CH<sub>4</sub> and its’ controls in rice paddies remain unclear. Here, we analyze seasonal dynamics of direct ecosystem-scale measurements of CH<sub>4</sub> flux in a rice-wheat rotation agroecosystem over 3 consecutive years. Results showed that the averaged CO<sub>2</sub> uptakes and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in rice seasons were 2.2 and 20.9 folds of the wheat seasons, respectively. In sum, the wheat-rice rotation agroecosystem acted as a large net C sink (averaged 460.79 g C m<sup>−2</sup>) and a GHG (averaged 174.38 g CO<sub>2</sub>eq m<sup>−2</sup>) source except for a GHG sink in one year (2016) with a very high rice seeding density. While the linear correlation between daily CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes and gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) was not significant for the whole rice season, daily CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes were significantly correlated to daily GEP both before (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.52–0.83) and after the mid-season drainage (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.71–0.79). Furthermore, the <i>F</i> partial test showed that GEP was much greater than that of any other variable including soil temperature for the rice season in each year. Meanwhile, the parameters of the best-fit functions between daily CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes and GEP shifted between rice growth stages. This study highlights that GEP is a good predictor of daily CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes in rice paddies.Hong LiMin ZhaoChanghui PengHaiqiang GuoQing WangBin ZhaoMDPI AGarticleCH<sub>4</sub> fluxeddy covariancebudgetgross ecosystem productivityrice paddyAgricultureSENLand, Vol 10, Iss 1186, p 1186 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CH<sub>4</sub> flux eddy covariance budget gross ecosystem productivity rice paddy Agriculture S
spellingShingle	CH<sub>4</sub> flux eddy covariance budget gross ecosystem productivity rice paddy Agriculture S Hong Li Min Zhao Changhui Peng Haiqiang Guo Qing Wang Bin Zhao Gross Ecosystem Productivity Dominates the Control of Ecosystem Methane Flux in Rice Paddies
description	Although rice paddy fields are one of the world’s largest anthropogenic sources of methane CH<sub>4</sub>, the budget of ecosystem CH<sub>4</sub> and its’ controls in rice paddies remain unclear. Here, we analyze seasonal dynamics of direct ecosystem-scale measurements of CH<sub>4</sub> flux in a rice-wheat rotation agroecosystem over 3 consecutive years. Results showed that the averaged CO<sub>2</sub> uptakes and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in rice seasons were 2.2 and 20.9 folds of the wheat seasons, respectively. In sum, the wheat-rice rotation agroecosystem acted as a large net C sink (averaged 460.79 g C m<sup>−2</sup>) and a GHG (averaged 174.38 g CO<sub>2</sub>eq m<sup>−2</sup>) source except for a GHG sink in one year (2016) with a very high rice seeding density. While the linear correlation between daily CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes and gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) was not significant for the whole rice season, daily CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes were significantly correlated to daily GEP both before (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.52–0.83) and after the mid-season drainage (R<sup>2</sup>: 0.71–0.79). Furthermore, the <i>F</i> partial test showed that GEP was much greater than that of any other variable including soil temperature for the rice season in each year. Meanwhile, the parameters of the best-fit functions between daily CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes and GEP shifted between rice growth stages. This study highlights that GEP is a good predictor of daily CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes in rice paddies.
format	article
author	Hong Li Min Zhao Changhui Peng Haiqiang Guo Qing Wang Bin Zhao
author_facet	Hong Li Min Zhao Changhui Peng Haiqiang Guo Qing Wang Bin Zhao
author_sort	Hong Li
title	Gross Ecosystem Productivity Dominates the Control of Ecosystem Methane Flux in Rice Paddies
title_short	Gross Ecosystem Productivity Dominates the Control of Ecosystem Methane Flux in Rice Paddies
title_full	Gross Ecosystem Productivity Dominates the Control of Ecosystem Methane Flux in Rice Paddies
title_fullStr	Gross Ecosystem Productivity Dominates the Control of Ecosystem Methane Flux in Rice Paddies
title_full_unstemmed	Gross Ecosystem Productivity Dominates the Control of Ecosystem Methane Flux in Rice Paddies
title_sort	gross ecosystem productivity dominates the control of ecosystem methane flux in rice paddies
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d82fd9091aa84b2ebd0310359b6ad993
work_keys_str_mv	AT hongli grossecosystemproductivitydominatesthecontrolofecosystemmethanefluxinricepaddies AT minzhao grossecosystemproductivitydominatesthecontrolofecosystemmethanefluxinricepaddies AT changhuipeng grossecosystemproductivitydominatesthecontrolofecosystemmethanefluxinricepaddies AT haiqiangguo grossecosystemproductivitydominatesthecontrolofecosystemmethanefluxinricepaddies AT qingwang grossecosystemproductivitydominatesthecontrolofecosystemmethanefluxinricepaddies AT binzhao grossecosystemproductivitydominatesthecontrolofecosystemmethanefluxinricepaddies
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Gross Ecosystem Productivity Dominates the Control of Ecosystem Methane Flux in Rice Paddies

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