Clinical Specimens are the Pool of Multidrug- resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Harbouring oprL and toxA Virulence Genes: Findings from a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal

The multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa carrying some virulence genes has become a global public health threat. However, in Nepal, there is no existing report showing the prevalence of oprL and toxA virulence genes among the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. T...

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Autores principales:	Yamuna Chand, Sujan Khadka, Sanjeep Sapkota, Suprina Sharma, Santosh Khanal, Alina Thapa, Binod Rayamajhee, Dhruba Kumar Khadka, Om Prakash Panta, Dipendra Shrestha, Pramod Poudel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid RC86-88.9
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d840a53359134d819b5306d3f96f626f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d840a53359134d819b5306d3f96f626f2021-11-08T02:36:52ZClinical Specimens are the Pool of Multidrug- resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Harbouring oprL and toxA Virulence Genes: Findings from a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal2090-285910.1155/2021/4120697https://doaj.org/article/d840a53359134d819b5306d3f96f626f2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4120697https://doaj.org/toc/2090-2859The multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa carrying some virulence genes has become a global public health threat. However, in Nepal, there is no existing report showing the prevalence of oprL and toxA virulence genes among the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Therefore, this study was conducted for the first time in the country to detect the virulence genes (oprL and toxA) and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa. A total of 7,898 clinical specimens were investigated following the standard microbiological procedures. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was examined by the modified disc diffusion method, and virulence genes oprL and toxA of P. aeruginosa were assessed using multiplex PCR. Among the analyzed specimens, 87 isolates were identified to be P. aeruginosa of which 38 (43.68%) isolates were reported as MDR. A higher ratio of P. aeruginosa was detected from urine samples 40 (45.98%), outpatients’ specimens 63 (72.4%), and in patients of the age group of 60–79 years 36 (41.37%). P. aeruginosa was more prevalent in males 56 (64.36%) than in female patients 31 (35.63%). Polymyxin (83.90%) was the most effective antibiotic. P. aeruginosa (100%) isolates harboured the oprL gene, while 95.4% of isolates were positive for the toxA gene. Identification of virulence genes such as oprL and toxA carrying isolates along with the multidrug resistance warrants the need for strategic interventions to prevent the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The findings could assist in increasing awareness about antibiotic resistance and suggest the judicious prescription of antibiotics to treat the patients in clinical settings of Nepal.Yamuna ChandSujan KhadkaSanjeep SapkotaSuprina SharmaSantosh KhanalAlina ThapaBinod RayamajheeDhruba Kumar KhadkaOm Prakash PantaDipendra ShresthaPramod PoudelHindawi LimitedarticleMedical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aidRC86-88.9ENEmergency Medicine International, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid RC86-88.9
spellingShingle	Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid RC86-88.9 Yamuna Chand Sujan Khadka Sanjeep Sapkota Suprina Sharma Santosh Khanal Alina Thapa Binod Rayamajhee Dhruba Kumar Khadka Om Prakash Panta Dipendra Shrestha Pramod Poudel Clinical Specimens are the Pool of Multidrug- resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Harbouring oprL and toxA Virulence Genes: Findings from a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal
description	The multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa carrying some virulence genes has become a global public health threat. However, in Nepal, there is no existing report showing the prevalence of oprL and toxA virulence genes among the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Therefore, this study was conducted for the first time in the country to detect the virulence genes (oprL and toxA) and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa. A total of 7,898 clinical specimens were investigated following the standard microbiological procedures. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was examined by the modified disc diffusion method, and virulence genes oprL and toxA of P. aeruginosa were assessed using multiplex PCR. Among the analyzed specimens, 87 isolates were identified to be P. aeruginosa of which 38 (43.68%) isolates were reported as MDR. A higher ratio of P. aeruginosa was detected from urine samples 40 (45.98%), outpatients’ specimens 63 (72.4%), and in patients of the age group of 60–79 years 36 (41.37%). P. aeruginosa was more prevalent in males 56 (64.36%) than in female patients 31 (35.63%). Polymyxin (83.90%) was the most effective antibiotic. P. aeruginosa (100%) isolates harboured the oprL gene, while 95.4% of isolates were positive for the toxA gene. Identification of virulence genes such as oprL and toxA carrying isolates along with the multidrug resistance warrants the need for strategic interventions to prevent the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The findings could assist in increasing awareness about antibiotic resistance and suggest the judicious prescription of antibiotics to treat the patients in clinical settings of Nepal.
format	article
author	Yamuna Chand Sujan Khadka Sanjeep Sapkota Suprina Sharma Santosh Khanal Alina Thapa Binod Rayamajhee Dhruba Kumar Khadka Om Prakash Panta Dipendra Shrestha Pramod Poudel
author_facet	Yamuna Chand Sujan Khadka Sanjeep Sapkota Suprina Sharma Santosh Khanal Alina Thapa Binod Rayamajhee Dhruba Kumar Khadka Om Prakash Panta Dipendra Shrestha Pramod Poudel
author_sort	Yamuna Chand
title	Clinical Specimens are the Pool of Multidrug- resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Harbouring oprL and toxA Virulence Genes: Findings from a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal
title_short	Clinical Specimens are the Pool of Multidrug- resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Harbouring oprL and toxA Virulence Genes: Findings from a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal
title_full	Clinical Specimens are the Pool of Multidrug- resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Harbouring oprL and toxA Virulence Genes: Findings from a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal
title_fullStr	Clinical Specimens are the Pool of Multidrug- resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Harbouring oprL and toxA Virulence Genes: Findings from a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal
title_full_unstemmed	Clinical Specimens are the Pool of Multidrug- resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Harbouring oprL and toxA Virulence Genes: Findings from a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal
title_sort	clinical specimens are the pool of multidrug- resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa harbouring oprl and toxa virulence genes: findings from a tertiary hospital of nepal
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d840a53359134d819b5306d3f96f626f
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Clinical Specimens are the Pool of Multidrug- resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Harbouring oprL and toxA Virulence Genes: Findings from a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal

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