Individual fate and gut microbiome composition in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Abstract Studies connecting microbiome composition and functional performance in wildlife have received little attention and understanding their connections with wildlife physical condition are sorely needed. We studied the variation in gut microbiota (hard fecal pellets) between allopatric subspeci...

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Autores principales:	Gerard Funosas, Xavier Triadó-Margarit, Francisca Castro, Rafael Villafuerte, Miguel Delibes-Mateos, Carlos Rouco, Emilio O. Casamayor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d89dfd1e785d4bf8a0cf19ac781681c8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d89dfd1e785d4bf8a0cf19ac781681c82021-12-02T15:23:07ZIndividual fate and gut microbiome composition in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)10.1038/s41598-020-80782-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d89dfd1e785d4bf8a0cf19ac781681c82021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80782-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Studies connecting microbiome composition and functional performance in wildlife have received little attention and understanding their connections with wildlife physical condition are sorely needed. We studied the variation in gut microbiota (hard fecal pellets) between allopatric subspecies of the European wild rabbit in wild populations and in captured individuals studied under captivity. We evaluated the influence of environmental and host-specific factors. The microbiome of wild rabbit populations reduced its heterogeneity under controlled conditions. None of the host-specific factors tested correlated with the microbiota composition. We only observed significant intra-group dispersion for the age factor. The most diverse microbiomes were rich in Ruminococcaceae potentially holding an enriched functional profile with dominance of cellulases and xylanases, and suggesting higher efficiency in the digestion of fiber-rich food. Conversely, low diversity gut microbiomes showed dominance of Enterobacteriaceae potentially rich in amylases. We preliminary noticed geographical variations in field populations with higher dominance of Ruminococcaceae in south-western than in north-eastern Spain. Spatial differences appeared not to be subspecies driven, since they were lost in captivity, but environmentally driven, although differences in social structure and behavior may also play a role that deserve further investigations. A marginally significant relationship between the Ruminococcaceae/Enterobacteriaceae ratio and potential life expectancy was observed in captive rabbits. We hypothesize that the gut microbiome may determine the efficiency of feeding resource exploitation, and can also be a potential proxy for life expectancy, with potential applications for the management of declining wild herbivorous populations. Such hypotheses remain to be explored in the future.Gerard FunosasXavier Triadó-MargaritFrancisca CastroRafael VillafuerteMiguel Delibes-MateosCarlos RoucoEmilio O. CasamayorNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gerard Funosas Xavier Triadó-Margarit Francisca Castro Rafael Villafuerte Miguel Delibes-Mateos Carlos Rouco Emilio O. Casamayor Individual fate and gut microbiome composition in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
description	Abstract Studies connecting microbiome composition and functional performance in wildlife have received little attention and understanding their connections with wildlife physical condition are sorely needed. We studied the variation in gut microbiota (hard fecal pellets) between allopatric subspecies of the European wild rabbit in wild populations and in captured individuals studied under captivity. We evaluated the influence of environmental and host-specific factors. The microbiome of wild rabbit populations reduced its heterogeneity under controlled conditions. None of the host-specific factors tested correlated with the microbiota composition. We only observed significant intra-group dispersion for the age factor. The most diverse microbiomes were rich in Ruminococcaceae potentially holding an enriched functional profile with dominance of cellulases and xylanases, and suggesting higher efficiency in the digestion of fiber-rich food. Conversely, low diversity gut microbiomes showed dominance of Enterobacteriaceae potentially rich in amylases. We preliminary noticed geographical variations in field populations with higher dominance of Ruminococcaceae in south-western than in north-eastern Spain. Spatial differences appeared not to be subspecies driven, since they were lost in captivity, but environmentally driven, although differences in social structure and behavior may also play a role that deserve further investigations. A marginally significant relationship between the Ruminococcaceae/Enterobacteriaceae ratio and potential life expectancy was observed in captive rabbits. We hypothesize that the gut microbiome may determine the efficiency of feeding resource exploitation, and can also be a potential proxy for life expectancy, with potential applications for the management of declining wild herbivorous populations. Such hypotheses remain to be explored in the future.
format	article
author	Gerard Funosas Xavier Triadó-Margarit Francisca Castro Rafael Villafuerte Miguel Delibes-Mateos Carlos Rouco Emilio O. Casamayor
author_facet	Gerard Funosas Xavier Triadó-Margarit Francisca Castro Rafael Villafuerte Miguel Delibes-Mateos Carlos Rouco Emilio O. Casamayor
author_sort	Gerard Funosas
title	Individual fate and gut microbiome composition in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
title_short	Individual fate and gut microbiome composition in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
title_full	Individual fate and gut microbiome composition in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
title_fullStr	Individual fate and gut microbiome composition in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
title_full_unstemmed	Individual fate and gut microbiome composition in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
title_sort	individual fate and gut microbiome composition in the european wild rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d89dfd1e785d4bf8a0cf19ac781681c8
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Individual fate and gut microbiome composition in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

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