Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma

Sasmita Samal,1,2 Pratigyan Dash,1,2 Mamoni Dash1 1Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India; 2School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, IndiaCorrespondence: Mamoni DashInstitute of Life Scie...

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Autores principales:	Samal S, Dash P, Dash M
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	drug delivery bone exosomes scaffolds hydrogels nanosystems Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d8cb3c77a68847838c01b08d962420ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d8cb3c77a68847838c01b08d962420ef2021-12-02T18:22:26ZDrug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/d8cb3c77a68847838c01b08d962420ef2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/drug-delivery-to-the-bone-microenvironment-mediated-by-exosomes-an-axi-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Sasmita Samal,1,2 Pratigyan Dash,1,2 Mamoni Dash1 1Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India; 2School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, IndiaCorrespondence: Mamoni DashInstitute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IndiaEmail Mamoni.dash@ils.res.inAbstract: The increasing incidence of bone-related disorders is causing a burden on the clinical scenario. Even though bone is one of the tissues that possess tremendous regenerative potential, certain bone anomalies need therapeutic intervention through appropriate delivery of a drug. Among several nanosystems and biologics that offer the potential to contribute towards bone healing, the exosomes from the class of extracellular vesicles are outstanding. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles that, apart from the various advantages, are standing out of the crowd for their ability to conduct cellular communication. The internal cargo of the exosomes is leading to its potential use in therapeutics. Exosomes are being unraveled in terms of the mechanism as well as application in targeting various diseases and tissues. Through this review, we have tried to understand and review all that is already established and the gap areas that still exist in utilizing them as drug delivery vehicles targeting the bone. The review highlights the potential of the exosomes towards their contribution to the drug delivery scenario in the bone microenvironment. A comparison of the pros and cons of exosomes with other prevalent drug delivery systems is also done. A section on the patents that have been generated so far from this field is included.Keywords: drug delivery, bone diseases, exosomes, nanosystems, RANK-RANKL pathway, exosome-liposome hybridSamal SDash PDash MDove Medical Pressarticledrug deliveryboneexosomesscaffoldshydrogelsnanosystemsMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 16, Pp 3509-3540 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	drug delivery bone exosomes scaffolds hydrogels nanosystems Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	drug delivery bone exosomes scaffolds hydrogels nanosystems Medicine (General) R5-920 Samal S Dash P Dash M Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma
description	Sasmita Samal,1,2 Pratigyan Dash,1,2 Mamoni Dash1 1Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India; 2School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, IndiaCorrespondence: Mamoni DashInstitute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, IndiaEmail Mamoni.dash@ils.res.inAbstract: The increasing incidence of bone-related disorders is causing a burden on the clinical scenario. Even though bone is one of the tissues that possess tremendous regenerative potential, certain bone anomalies need therapeutic intervention through appropriate delivery of a drug. Among several nanosystems and biologics that offer the potential to contribute towards bone healing, the exosomes from the class of extracellular vesicles are outstanding. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles that, apart from the various advantages, are standing out of the crowd for their ability to conduct cellular communication. The internal cargo of the exosomes is leading to its potential use in therapeutics. Exosomes are being unraveled in terms of the mechanism as well as application in targeting various diseases and tissues. Through this review, we have tried to understand and review all that is already established and the gap areas that still exist in utilizing them as drug delivery vehicles targeting the bone. The review highlights the potential of the exosomes towards their contribution to the drug delivery scenario in the bone microenvironment. A comparison of the pros and cons of exosomes with other prevalent drug delivery systems is also done. A section on the patents that have been generated so far from this field is included.Keywords: drug delivery, bone diseases, exosomes, nanosystems, RANK-RANKL pathway, exosome-liposome hybrid
format	article
author	Samal S Dash P Dash M
author_facet	Samal S Dash P Dash M
author_sort	Samal S
title	Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma
title_short	Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma
title_full	Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma
title_fullStr	Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma
title_full_unstemmed	Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma
title_sort	drug delivery to the bone microenvironment mediated by exosomes: an axiom or enigma
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d8cb3c77a68847838c01b08d962420ef
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Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma

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