How Microbial Food Web Interactions Shape the Arctic Ocean Bacterial Community Revealed by Size Fractionation Experiments

In the Arctic, seasonal changes are substantial, and as a result, the marine bacterial community composition and functions differ greatly between the dark winter and light-intensive summer. While light availability is, overall, the external driver of the seasonal changes, several internal biological...

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Autores principales:	Oliver Müller, Lena Seuthe, Bernadette Pree, Gunnar Bratbak, Aud Larsen, Maria Lund Paulsen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	microbial food web experimental manipulations trophic interactions seasonal changes Arctic Ocean bacterial community structure Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d8e79f23059e44a6b8ed15b1fbc6fa6a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d8e79f23059e44a6b8ed15b1fbc6fa6a2021-11-25T18:25:32ZHow Microbial Food Web Interactions Shape the Arctic Ocean Bacterial Community Revealed by Size Fractionation Experiments10.3390/microorganisms91123782076-2607https://doaj.org/article/d8e79f23059e44a6b8ed15b1fbc6fa6a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2378https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607In the Arctic, seasonal changes are substantial, and as a result, the marine bacterial community composition and functions differ greatly between the dark winter and light-intensive summer. While light availability is, overall, the external driver of the seasonal changes, several internal biological interactions structure the bacterial community during shorter timescales. These include specific phytoplankton–bacteria associations, viral infections and other top-down controls. Here, we uncover these microbial interactions and their effects on the bacterial community composition during a full annual cycle by manipulating the microbial food web using size fractionation. The most profound community changes were detected during the spring, with ‘mutualistic phytoplankton’—Gammaproteobacteria interactions dominating in the pre-bloom phase and ‘substrate-dependent phytoplankton’—Flavobacteria interactions during blooming conditions. Bacterivores had an overall limited effect on the bacterial community composition most of the year. However, in the late summer, grazing was the main factor shaping the community composition and transferring carbon to higher trophic levels. Identifying these small-scale interactions improves our understanding of the Arctic marine microbial food web and its dynamics.Oliver MüllerLena SeutheBernadette PreeGunnar BratbakAud LarsenMaria Lund PaulsenMDPI AGarticlemicrobial food webexperimental manipulationstrophic interactionsseasonal changesArctic Oceanbacterial community structureBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2378, p 2378 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	microbial food web experimental manipulations trophic interactions seasonal changes Arctic Ocean bacterial community structure Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	microbial food web experimental manipulations trophic interactions seasonal changes Arctic Ocean bacterial community structure Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Oliver Müller Lena Seuthe Bernadette Pree Gunnar Bratbak Aud Larsen Maria Lund Paulsen How Microbial Food Web Interactions Shape the Arctic Ocean Bacterial Community Revealed by Size Fractionation Experiments
description	In the Arctic, seasonal changes are substantial, and as a result, the marine bacterial community composition and functions differ greatly between the dark winter and light-intensive summer. While light availability is, overall, the external driver of the seasonal changes, several internal biological interactions structure the bacterial community during shorter timescales. These include specific phytoplankton–bacteria associations, viral infections and other top-down controls. Here, we uncover these microbial interactions and their effects on the bacterial community composition during a full annual cycle by manipulating the microbial food web using size fractionation. The most profound community changes were detected during the spring, with ‘mutualistic phytoplankton’—Gammaproteobacteria interactions dominating in the pre-bloom phase and ‘substrate-dependent phytoplankton’—Flavobacteria interactions during blooming conditions. Bacterivores had an overall limited effect on the bacterial community composition most of the year. However, in the late summer, grazing was the main factor shaping the community composition and transferring carbon to higher trophic levels. Identifying these small-scale interactions improves our understanding of the Arctic marine microbial food web and its dynamics.
format	article
author	Oliver Müller Lena Seuthe Bernadette Pree Gunnar Bratbak Aud Larsen Maria Lund Paulsen
author_facet	Oliver Müller Lena Seuthe Bernadette Pree Gunnar Bratbak Aud Larsen Maria Lund Paulsen
author_sort	Oliver Müller
title	How Microbial Food Web Interactions Shape the Arctic Ocean Bacterial Community Revealed by Size Fractionation Experiments
title_short	How Microbial Food Web Interactions Shape the Arctic Ocean Bacterial Community Revealed by Size Fractionation Experiments
title_full	How Microbial Food Web Interactions Shape the Arctic Ocean Bacterial Community Revealed by Size Fractionation Experiments
title_fullStr	How Microbial Food Web Interactions Shape the Arctic Ocean Bacterial Community Revealed by Size Fractionation Experiments
title_full_unstemmed	How Microbial Food Web Interactions Shape the Arctic Ocean Bacterial Community Revealed by Size Fractionation Experiments
title_sort	how microbial food web interactions shape the arctic ocean bacterial community revealed by size fractionation experiments
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/d8e79f23059e44a6b8ed15b1fbc6fa6a
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How Microbial Food Web Interactions Shape the Arctic Ocean Bacterial Community Revealed by Size Fractionation Experiments

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