Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems

ABSTRACT Microbial life is surprisingly abundant and diverse in global desert ecosystems. In these environments, microorganisms endure a multitude of physicochemical stresses, including low water potential, carbon and nitrogen starvation, and extreme temperatures. In this review, we summarize our cu...

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Autores principales:	Pok Man Leung, Sean K. Bay, Dimitri V. Meier, Eleonora Chiri, Don A. Cowan, Osnat Gillor, Dagmar Woebken, Chris Greening
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	desert dormancy energetics energy reserve photosynthesis trace gas Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d91516aebc43441398c268898f5ba183
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d91516aebc43441398c268898f5ba1832021-12-02T19:46:20ZEnergetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems10.1128/mSystems.00495-192379-5077https://doaj.org/article/d91516aebc43441398c268898f5ba1832020-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00495-19https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT Microbial life is surprisingly abundant and diverse in global desert ecosystems. In these environments, microorganisms endure a multitude of physicochemical stresses, including low water potential, carbon and nitrogen starvation, and extreme temperatures. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the energetic mechanisms and trophic dynamics that underpin microbial function in desert ecosystems. Accumulating evidence suggests that dormancy is a common strategy that facilitates microbial survival in response to water and carbon limitation. Whereas photoautotrophs are restricted to specific niches in extreme deserts, metabolically versatile heterotrophs persist even in the hyper-arid topsoils of the Atacama Desert and Antarctica. At least three distinct strategies appear to allow such microorganisms to conserve energy in these oligotrophic environments: degradation of organic energy reserves, rhodopsin- and bacteriochlorophyll-dependent light harvesting, and oxidation of the atmospheric trace gases hydrogen and carbon monoxide. In turn, these principles are relevant for understanding the composition, functionality, and resilience of desert ecosystems, as well as predicting responses to the growing problem of desertification.Pok Man LeungSean K. BayDimitri V. MeierEleonora ChiriDon A. CowanOsnat GillorDagmar WoebkenChris GreeningAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticledesertdormancyenergeticsenergy reservephotosynthesistrace gasMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 5, Iss 2 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	desert dormancy energetics energy reserve photosynthesis trace gas Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	desert dormancy energetics energy reserve photosynthesis trace gas Microbiology QR1-502 Pok Man Leung Sean K. Bay Dimitri V. Meier Eleonora Chiri Don A. Cowan Osnat Gillor Dagmar Woebken Chris Greening Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems
description	ABSTRACT Microbial life is surprisingly abundant and diverse in global desert ecosystems. In these environments, microorganisms endure a multitude of physicochemical stresses, including low water potential, carbon and nitrogen starvation, and extreme temperatures. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the energetic mechanisms and trophic dynamics that underpin microbial function in desert ecosystems. Accumulating evidence suggests that dormancy is a common strategy that facilitates microbial survival in response to water and carbon limitation. Whereas photoautotrophs are restricted to specific niches in extreme deserts, metabolically versatile heterotrophs persist even in the hyper-arid topsoils of the Atacama Desert and Antarctica. At least three distinct strategies appear to allow such microorganisms to conserve energy in these oligotrophic environments: degradation of organic energy reserves, rhodopsin- and bacteriochlorophyll-dependent light harvesting, and oxidation of the atmospheric trace gases hydrogen and carbon monoxide. In turn, these principles are relevant for understanding the composition, functionality, and resilience of desert ecosystems, as well as predicting responses to the growing problem of desertification.
format	article
author	Pok Man Leung Sean K. Bay Dimitri V. Meier Eleonora Chiri Don A. Cowan Osnat Gillor Dagmar Woebken Chris Greening
author_facet	Pok Man Leung Sean K. Bay Dimitri V. Meier Eleonora Chiri Don A. Cowan Osnat Gillor Dagmar Woebken Chris Greening
author_sort	Pok Man Leung
title	Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems
title_short	Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems
title_full	Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems
title_fullStr	Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems
title_full_unstemmed	Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems
title_sort	energetic basis of microbial growth and persistence in desert ecosystems
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/d91516aebc43441398c268898f5ba183
work_keys_str_mv	AT pokmanleung energeticbasisofmicrobialgrowthandpersistenceindesertecosystems AT seankbay energeticbasisofmicrobialgrowthandpersistenceindesertecosystems AT dimitrivmeier energeticbasisofmicrobialgrowthandpersistenceindesertecosystems AT eleonorachiri energeticbasisofmicrobialgrowthandpersistenceindesertecosystems AT donacowan energeticbasisofmicrobialgrowthandpersistenceindesertecosystems AT osnatgillor energeticbasisofmicrobialgrowthandpersistenceindesertecosystems AT dagmarwoebken energeticbasisofmicrobialgrowthandpersistenceindesertecosystems AT chrisgreening energeticbasisofmicrobialgrowthandpersistenceindesertecosystems
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Energetic Basis of Microbial Growth and Persistence in Desert Ecosystems

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