Gut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review

Andrea Ticinesi,1–3 Claudio Tana,2 Antonio Nouvenne,2,3 Beatrice Prati,2 Fulvio Lauretani,2 Tiziana Meschi1–3 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; 2Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy; 3Microbiome Resear...

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Autores principales:	Ticinesi A, Tana C, Nouvenne A, Prati B, Lauretani F, Meschi T
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	microbiome Alzheimer’s disease vascular dementia mild cognitive impairment dysbiosis Geriatrics RC952-954.6
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d9543ed2806c4c76a5f56dbc9a696aeb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d9543ed2806c4c76a5f56dbc9a696aeb2021-12-02T03:04:52ZGut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review1178-1998https://doaj.org/article/d9543ed2806c4c76a5f56dbc9a696aeb2018-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/gut-microbiota-cognitive-frailty-and-dementia-in-older-individuals-a-s-peer-reviewed-article-CIAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-1998Andrea Ticinesi,1–3 Claudio Tana,2 Antonio Nouvenne,2,3 Beatrice Prati,2 Fulvio Lauretani,2 Tiziana Meschi1–3 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; 2Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy; 3Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy Abstract: Cognitive frailty, defined as the coexistence of mild cognitive impairment symptoms and physical frailty phenotype in older persons, is increasingly considered the main geriatric condition predisposing to dementia. Recent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota may be involved in frailty physiopathology by promoting chronic inflammation and anabolic resistance. The contribution of gut microbiota to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia is less defined, even though the concept of “gut–brain axis” has been well demonstrated for other neuropsychiatric disorders. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the current state-of-the-art literature on the gut microbiota alterations associated with cognitive frailty, mild cognitive impairment and dementia and elucidate the effects of pre- or probiotic administration on cognitive symptom modulation in animal models of aging and human beings. We identified 47 papers with original data (31 from animal studies and 16 from human studies) suitable for inclusion according to our aims. We concluded that several observational and intervention studies performed in animal models of dementia (mainly Alzheimer’s disease) support the concept of a gut–brain regulation of cognitive symptoms. Modulation of vagal activity and bacterial synthesis of substances active on host neural metabolism, inflammation and amyloid deposition are the main mechanisms involved in this physiopathologic link. Conversely, there is a substantial lack of human data, both from observational and intervention studies, preventing to formulate any clinical recommendation on this topic. Gut microbiota modulation of cognitive function represents, however, a promising area of research for identifying novel preventive and treatment strategies against dementia. Keywords: microbiome, Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, mild cognitive impairment, dysbiosisTicinesi ATana CNouvenne APrati BLauretani FMeschi TDove Medical PressarticlemicrobiomeAlzheimer’s diseasevascular dementiamild cognitive impairmentdysbiosisGeriatricsRC952-954.6ENClinical Interventions in Aging, Vol Volume 13, Pp 1497-1511 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	microbiome Alzheimer’s disease vascular dementia mild cognitive impairment dysbiosis Geriatrics RC952-954.6
spellingShingle	microbiome Alzheimer’s disease vascular dementia mild cognitive impairment dysbiosis Geriatrics RC952-954.6 Ticinesi A Tana C Nouvenne A Prati B Lauretani F Meschi T Gut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review
description	Andrea Ticinesi,1–3 Claudio Tana,2 Antonio Nouvenne,2,3 Beatrice Prati,2 Fulvio Lauretani,2 Tiziana Meschi1–3 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; 2Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy; 3Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy Abstract: Cognitive frailty, defined as the coexistence of mild cognitive impairment symptoms and physical frailty phenotype in older persons, is increasingly considered the main geriatric condition predisposing to dementia. Recent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota may be involved in frailty physiopathology by promoting chronic inflammation and anabolic resistance. The contribution of gut microbiota to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia is less defined, even though the concept of “gut–brain axis” has been well demonstrated for other neuropsychiatric disorders. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the current state-of-the-art literature on the gut microbiota alterations associated with cognitive frailty, mild cognitive impairment and dementia and elucidate the effects of pre- or probiotic administration on cognitive symptom modulation in animal models of aging and human beings. We identified 47 papers with original data (31 from animal studies and 16 from human studies) suitable for inclusion according to our aims. We concluded that several observational and intervention studies performed in animal models of dementia (mainly Alzheimer’s disease) support the concept of a gut–brain regulation of cognitive symptoms. Modulation of vagal activity and bacterial synthesis of substances active on host neural metabolism, inflammation and amyloid deposition are the main mechanisms involved in this physiopathologic link. Conversely, there is a substantial lack of human data, both from observational and intervention studies, preventing to formulate any clinical recommendation on this topic. Gut microbiota modulation of cognitive function represents, however, a promising area of research for identifying novel preventive and treatment strategies against dementia. Keywords: microbiome, Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, mild cognitive impairment, dysbiosis
format	article
author	Ticinesi A Tana C Nouvenne A Prati B Lauretani F Meschi T
author_facet	Ticinesi A Tana C Nouvenne A Prati B Lauretani F Meschi T
author_sort	Ticinesi A
title	Gut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review
title_short	Gut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review
title_full	Gut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review
title_fullStr	Gut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed	Gut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review
title_sort	gut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/d9543ed2806c4c76a5f56dbc9a696aeb
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Gut microbiota, cognitive frailty and dementia in older individuals: a systematic review

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