Characterization of Tear Immunoglobulins in a Small-Cohort of Keratoconus Patients

Abstract Keratoconus (KC) is classically considered a non-inflammatory condition caused by central corneal thinning that leads to astigmatism and reduced visual acuity. Previous studies have identified increased systemic levels of pro-inflammatory factors, including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis fac...

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Autores principales:	Tina B. McKay, Henrik Serjersen, Jesper Hjortdal, James D. Zieske, Dimitrios Karamichos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/d96b5ffa0eba4fe19fb04ba77f65b757
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:d96b5ffa0eba4fe19fb04ba77f65b7572021-12-02T17:52:13ZCharacterization of Tear Immunoglobulins in a Small-Cohort of Keratoconus Patients10.1038/s41598-020-66442-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/d96b5ffa0eba4fe19fb04ba77f65b7572020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66442-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Keratoconus (KC) is classically considered a non-inflammatory condition caused by central corneal thinning that leads to astigmatism and reduced visual acuity. Previous studies have identified increased systemic levels of pro-inflammatory factors, including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, suggesting that KC may have an inflammatory component in at least a subset of patients. In this study, we evaluated the levels of different immunoglobulins (light and heavy chains) based on Ig α, Ig λ, Ig κ, Ig µ, and Ig heavy chain subunits in non-KC tears (n = 7 control individuals) and KC tears (n = 7 KC patients) using tandem-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The most abundant Ig heavy chains detected in both control individuals and KC patients were Ig α-1 and Ig α-2 likely correlating to the higher IgA levels reported in human tears. We identified significant differences in immunoglobulin κ-chain V-II levels in KC patients compared to control individuals with no significant difference in Ig κ/Ig λ ratios or heavy chain levels. Our study supports previous findings suggesting that KC possesses a systemic component that may contribute to the KC pathology. Further studies are required to define causality and establish a role for systemic immune system-dependent factors and pro-inflammatory processes in KC development or progression.Tina B. McKayHenrik SerjersenJesper HjortdalJames D. ZieskeDimitrios KaramichosNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tina B. McKay Henrik Serjersen Jesper Hjortdal James D. Zieske Dimitrios Karamichos Characterization of Tear Immunoglobulins in a Small-Cohort of Keratoconus Patients
description	Abstract Keratoconus (KC) is classically considered a non-inflammatory condition caused by central corneal thinning that leads to astigmatism and reduced visual acuity. Previous studies have identified increased systemic levels of pro-inflammatory factors, including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, suggesting that KC may have an inflammatory component in at least a subset of patients. In this study, we evaluated the levels of different immunoglobulins (light and heavy chains) based on Ig α, Ig λ, Ig κ, Ig µ, and Ig heavy chain subunits in non-KC tears (n = 7 control individuals) and KC tears (n = 7 KC patients) using tandem-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The most abundant Ig heavy chains detected in both control individuals and KC patients were Ig α-1 and Ig α-2 likely correlating to the higher IgA levels reported in human tears. We identified significant differences in immunoglobulin κ-chain V-II levels in KC patients compared to control individuals with no significant difference in Ig κ/Ig λ ratios or heavy chain levels. Our study supports previous findings suggesting that KC possesses a systemic component that may contribute to the KC pathology. Further studies are required to define causality and establish a role for systemic immune system-dependent factors and pro-inflammatory processes in KC development or progression.
format	article
author	Tina B. McKay Henrik Serjersen Jesper Hjortdal James D. Zieske Dimitrios Karamichos
author_facet	Tina B. McKay Henrik Serjersen Jesper Hjortdal James D. Zieske Dimitrios Karamichos
author_sort	Tina B. McKay
title	Characterization of Tear Immunoglobulins in a Small-Cohort of Keratoconus Patients
title_short	Characterization of Tear Immunoglobulins in a Small-Cohort of Keratoconus Patients
title_full	Characterization of Tear Immunoglobulins in a Small-Cohort of Keratoconus Patients
title_fullStr	Characterization of Tear Immunoglobulins in a Small-Cohort of Keratoconus Patients
title_full_unstemmed	Characterization of Tear Immunoglobulins in a Small-Cohort of Keratoconus Patients
title_sort	characterization of tear immunoglobulins in a small-cohort of keratoconus patients
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/d96b5ffa0eba4fe19fb04ba77f65b757
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Characterization of Tear Immunoglobulins in a Small-Cohort of Keratoconus Patients

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