Vagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.

Among the manifold effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) delivered as an add-on treatment to patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, a moderate loss of body weight has been observed in some individuals. We have now investigated this effect in rats. Exposure of rats to VNS for 4 weeks reduced feed...

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Autores principales:	Sebastiano Banni, Gianfranca Carta, Elisabetta Murru, Lina Cordeddu, Elena Giordano, Francesco Marrosu, Monica Puligheddu, Gabriele Floris, Gino Paolo Asuni, Angela Letizia Cappai, Silvia Deriu, Paolo Follesa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/da0f8e666d7c4d679fe0b76b17350dcd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:da0f8e666d7c4d679fe0b76b17350dcd2021-11-18T07:04:07ZVagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0044813https://doaj.org/article/da0f8e666d7c4d679fe0b76b17350dcd2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23028630/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Among the manifold effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) delivered as an add-on treatment to patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, a moderate loss of body weight has been observed in some individuals. We have now investigated this effect in rats. Exposure of rats to VNS for 4 weeks reduced feed conversion efficiency as well as body weight gain (by ∼25%) and the amount of mesenteric adipose tissue (by ∼45%) in comparison with those in sham-operated control animals. A pair-fed experiment showed that both lower dietary intake and increase energy expenditure independently contributed to the reduction of body weight and mesenteric adipose tissue. Moreover, VNS increased the level of non-esterified fatty acids in plasma and mesenteric adipose tissue by ∼50 and 80%, respectively, without affecting that in the liver. In addition, VNS reduced the amounts of endocannabinoids and increased N-palmitoylethanolamide, an endogenous ligand of the transcription factor PPARα (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α) in mesenteric adipose tissue but not in the hypothalamus. These effects were accompanied by increased expression of the gene for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hypothalamus and up-regulation of the abundance of PPARα in the liver. Our results suggest that the reduction in body fat induced by VNS in rats may result from the action of both central and peripheral mediators. The reduced feed conversion efficiency associated with VNS may be mediated by hypothalamic BDNF, down-regulation of endocannabinoid tone in mesenteric adipose tissue and a PPARα-dependent increase in fatty acid oxidation in the liver, which in concerted action may account for the anorexic effect and increased energy expenditure.Sebastiano BanniGianfranca CartaElisabetta MurruLina CordedduElena GiordanoFrancesco MarrosuMonica PulighedduGabriele FlorisGino Paolo AsuniAngela Letizia CappaiSilvia DeriuPaolo FollesaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 9, p e44813 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sebastiano Banni Gianfranca Carta Elisabetta Murru Lina Cordeddu Elena Giordano Francesco Marrosu Monica Puligheddu Gabriele Floris Gino Paolo Asuni Angela Letizia Cappai Silvia Deriu Paolo Follesa Vagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.
description	Among the manifold effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) delivered as an add-on treatment to patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, a moderate loss of body weight has been observed in some individuals. We have now investigated this effect in rats. Exposure of rats to VNS for 4 weeks reduced feed conversion efficiency as well as body weight gain (by ∼25%) and the amount of mesenteric adipose tissue (by ∼45%) in comparison with those in sham-operated control animals. A pair-fed experiment showed that both lower dietary intake and increase energy expenditure independently contributed to the reduction of body weight and mesenteric adipose tissue. Moreover, VNS increased the level of non-esterified fatty acids in plasma and mesenteric adipose tissue by ∼50 and 80%, respectively, without affecting that in the liver. In addition, VNS reduced the amounts of endocannabinoids and increased N-palmitoylethanolamide, an endogenous ligand of the transcription factor PPARα (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α) in mesenteric adipose tissue but not in the hypothalamus. These effects were accompanied by increased expression of the gene for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hypothalamus and up-regulation of the abundance of PPARα in the liver. Our results suggest that the reduction in body fat induced by VNS in rats may result from the action of both central and peripheral mediators. The reduced feed conversion efficiency associated with VNS may be mediated by hypothalamic BDNF, down-regulation of endocannabinoid tone in mesenteric adipose tissue and a PPARα-dependent increase in fatty acid oxidation in the liver, which in concerted action may account for the anorexic effect and increased energy expenditure.
format	article
author	Sebastiano Banni Gianfranca Carta Elisabetta Murru Lina Cordeddu Elena Giordano Francesco Marrosu Monica Puligheddu Gabriele Floris Gino Paolo Asuni Angela Letizia Cappai Silvia Deriu Paolo Follesa
author_facet	Sebastiano Banni Gianfranca Carta Elisabetta Murru Lina Cordeddu Elena Giordano Francesco Marrosu Monica Puligheddu Gabriele Floris Gino Paolo Asuni Angela Letizia Cappai Silvia Deriu Paolo Follesa
author_sort	Sebastiano Banni
title	Vagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.
title_short	Vagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.
title_full	Vagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.
title_fullStr	Vagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.
title_full_unstemmed	Vagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.
title_sort	vagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/da0f8e666d7c4d679fe0b76b17350dcd
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Vagus nerve stimulation reduces body weight and fat mass in rats.

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