Serologic titers to Leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance

Diagnosis and surveillance of pathogenic Leptospira is difficult as organisms may be intermittently shed and in small numbers. Therefore, serologic testing by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the primary screening method for leptospirosis. While a MAT titer ≥1:100 is considered to be a po...

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Autores principales:	Susan K. Schommer, Nicholas Harrison, Michael Linville, Melissa S. Samuel, Sabrina L. Hammond, Kevin D. Wells, Randall S. Prather
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/da7ac4a940f04b69b4a8516274d8787d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:da7ac4a940f04b69b4a8516274d8787d2021-11-25T06:13:57ZSerologic titers to Leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/da7ac4a940f04b69b4a8516274d8787d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8594815/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Diagnosis and surveillance of pathogenic Leptospira is difficult as organisms may be intermittently shed and in small numbers. Therefore, serologic testing by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the primary screening method for leptospirosis. While a MAT titer ≥1:100 is considered to be a positive result, interpretation is complicated by the use of commercial vaccines in pigs. Most guidelines for interpretation of MAT titers in pigs were published in the 1970’s and 1980’s, prior to the development of the current multivalent vaccines. We evaluated MAT titers in routinely vaccinated healthy research pigs compared to their unvaccinated cohorts. Our study confirmed previous reports that the Pomona serovar elicits minimal antibody response even after a second booster 6 months after initial vaccination. However, MAT titers of ≥1:3,200 were detected as early as 4 weeks post initial vaccination for serovars Bratislava and Icterohaemorrhagiae and remained as high as ≥1:1,600 prior to booster at 24 weeks post vaccination. Our study determined that high levels of MAT titers can occur from vaccination alone and high titers are not necessarily indicative of infection. Therefore, the interpretation of MAT titers as indicators of Leptospira infection should be readdressed.Susan K. SchommerNicholas HarrisonMichael LinvilleMelissa S. SamuelSabrina L. HammondKevin D. WellsRandall S. PratherPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Susan K. Schommer Nicholas Harrison Michael Linville Melissa S. Samuel Sabrina L. Hammond Kevin D. Wells Randall S. Prather Serologic titers to Leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance
description	Diagnosis and surveillance of pathogenic Leptospira is difficult as organisms may be intermittently shed and in small numbers. Therefore, serologic testing by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the primary screening method for leptospirosis. While a MAT titer ≥1:100 is considered to be a positive result, interpretation is complicated by the use of commercial vaccines in pigs. Most guidelines for interpretation of MAT titers in pigs were published in the 1970’s and 1980’s, prior to the development of the current multivalent vaccines. We evaluated MAT titers in routinely vaccinated healthy research pigs compared to their unvaccinated cohorts. Our study confirmed previous reports that the Pomona serovar elicits minimal antibody response even after a second booster 6 months after initial vaccination. However, MAT titers of ≥1:3,200 were detected as early as 4 weeks post initial vaccination for serovars Bratislava and Icterohaemorrhagiae and remained as high as ≥1:1,600 prior to booster at 24 weeks post vaccination. Our study determined that high levels of MAT titers can occur from vaccination alone and high titers are not necessarily indicative of infection. Therefore, the interpretation of MAT titers as indicators of Leptospira infection should be readdressed.
format	article
author	Susan K. Schommer Nicholas Harrison Michael Linville Melissa S. Samuel Sabrina L. Hammond Kevin D. Wells Randall S. Prather
author_facet	Susan K. Schommer Nicholas Harrison Michael Linville Melissa S. Samuel Sabrina L. Hammond Kevin D. Wells Randall S. Prather
author_sort	Susan K. Schommer
title	Serologic titers to Leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance
title_short	Serologic titers to Leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance
title_full	Serologic titers to Leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance
title_fullStr	Serologic titers to Leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance
title_full_unstemmed	Serologic titers to Leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance
title_sort	serologic titers to leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/da7ac4a940f04b69b4a8516274d8787d
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Serologic titers to Leptospira in vaccinated pigs and interpretation for surveillance

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