Mechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking Drosophila.

Mechanisms that control movements range from navigational mechanisms, in which the animal employs directional cues to reach a specific destination, to search movements during which there are little or no environmental cues. Even though most real-world movements result from an interplay between these...

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Autores principales:	Liangyu Tao, Siddhi Ozarkar, Vikas Bhandawat
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2020
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/da8f409957bf474696a9f790f9905738
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:da8f409957bf474696a9f790f99057382021-12-02T19:58:15ZMechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking Drosophila.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1007718https://doaj.org/article/da8f409957bf474696a9f790f99057382020-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007718https://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Mechanisms that control movements range from navigational mechanisms, in which the animal employs directional cues to reach a specific destination, to search movements during which there are little or no environmental cues. Even though most real-world movements result from an interplay between these mechanisms, an experimental system and theoretical framework for the study of interplay of these mechanisms is not available. Here, we rectify this deficit. We create a new method to stimulate the olfactory system in Drosophila or fruit flies. As flies explore a circular arena, their olfactory receptor neuron (ORNs) are optogenetically activated within a central region making this region attractive to the flies without emitting any clear directional signals outside this central region. In the absence of ORN activation, the fly's locomotion can be described by a random walk model where a fly's movement is described by its speed and turn-rate (or kinematics). Upon optogenetic stimulation, the fly's behavior changes dramatically in two respects. First, there are large kinematic changes. Second, there are more turns at the border between light-zone and no-light-zone and these turns have an inward bias. Surprisingly, there is no increase in turn-rate, rather a large decrease in speed that makes it appear that the flies are turning at the border. Similarly, the inward bias of the turns is a result of the increase in turn angle. These two mechanisms entirely account for the change in a fly's locomotion. No complex mechanisms such as path-integration or a careful evaluation of gradients are necessary.Liangyu TaoSiddhi OzarkarVikas BhandawatPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 16, Iss 3, p e1007718 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Liangyu Tao Siddhi Ozarkar Vikas Bhandawat Mechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking Drosophila.
description	Mechanisms that control movements range from navigational mechanisms, in which the animal employs directional cues to reach a specific destination, to search movements during which there are little or no environmental cues. Even though most real-world movements result from an interplay between these mechanisms, an experimental system and theoretical framework for the study of interplay of these mechanisms is not available. Here, we rectify this deficit. We create a new method to stimulate the olfactory system in Drosophila or fruit flies. As flies explore a circular arena, their olfactory receptor neuron (ORNs) are optogenetically activated within a central region making this region attractive to the flies without emitting any clear directional signals outside this central region. In the absence of ORN activation, the fly's locomotion can be described by a random walk model where a fly's movement is described by its speed and turn-rate (or kinematics). Upon optogenetic stimulation, the fly's behavior changes dramatically in two respects. First, there are large kinematic changes. Second, there are more turns at the border between light-zone and no-light-zone and these turns have an inward bias. Surprisingly, there is no increase in turn-rate, rather a large decrease in speed that makes it appear that the flies are turning at the border. Similarly, the inward bias of the turns is a result of the increase in turn angle. These two mechanisms entirely account for the change in a fly's locomotion. No complex mechanisms such as path-integration or a careful evaluation of gradients are necessary.
format	article
author	Liangyu Tao Siddhi Ozarkar Vikas Bhandawat
author_facet	Liangyu Tao Siddhi Ozarkar Vikas Bhandawat
author_sort	Liangyu Tao
title	Mechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking Drosophila.
title_short	Mechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking Drosophila.
title_full	Mechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking Drosophila.
title_fullStr	Mechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking Drosophila.
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking Drosophila.
title_sort	mechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking drosophila.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/da8f409957bf474696a9f790f9905738
work_keys_str_mv	AT liangyutao mechanismsunderlyingattractiontoodorsinwalkingdrosophila AT siddhiozarkar mechanismsunderlyingattractiontoodorsinwalkingdrosophila AT vikasbhandawat mechanismsunderlyingattractiontoodorsinwalkingdrosophila
_version_	1718375810001272832

Mechanisms underlying attraction to odors in walking Drosophila.

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