Treatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy

Larry D Morries,1 Paolo Cassano,2 Theodore A Henderson1,3 1Neuro-Laser Foundation, Lakewood, CO, 2Harvard Medical School, Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 3The Synaptic Space, Centennial, CO, USA Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growi...

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Autores principales:	Morries LD, Cassano P, Henderson TA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2015
Materias:	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/da9ce0e3fd234cfda247adc7a8ea6565
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:da9ce0e3fd234cfda247adc7a8ea65652021-12-02T09:18:05ZTreatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/da9ce0e3fd234cfda247adc7a8ea65652015-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/treatments-for-traumatic-brain-injury-with-emphasis-on-transcranial-ne-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Larry D Morries,1 Paolo Cassano,2 Theodore A Henderson1,3 1Neuro-Laser Foundation, Lakewood, CO, 2Harvard Medical School, Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 3The Synaptic Space, Centennial, CO, USA Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing health concern affecting civilians and military personnel. In this review, treatments for the chronic TBI patient are discussed, including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cognitive therapy, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. All available literature suggests a marginal benefit with prolonged treatment courses. An emerging modality of treatment is near-infrared (NIR) light, which has benefit in animal models of stroke, spinal cord injury, optic nerve injury, and TBI, and in human trials for stroke and TBI. The extant literature is confounded by variable degrees of efficacy and a bewildering array of treatment parameters. Some data indicate that diodes emitting low-level NIR energy often have failed to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy, perhaps due to failing to deliver sufficient radiant energy to the necessary depth. As part of this review, we present a retrospective case series using high-power NIR laser phototherapy with a Class IV laser to treat TBI. We demonstrate greater clinical efficacy with higher fluence, in contrast to the bimodal model of efficacy previously proposed. In ten patients with chronic TBI (average time since injury 9.3 years) given ten treatments over the course of 2 months using a high-power NIR laser (13.2 W/0.89 cm2 at 810 nm or 9 W/0.89 cm2 at 810 nm and 980 nm), symptoms of headache, sleep disturbance, cognition, mood dysregulation, anxiety, and irritability improved. Symptoms were monitored by depression scales and a novel patient diary system specifically designed for this study. NIR light in the power range of 10–15 W at 810 nm and 980 nm can safely and effectively treat chronic symptoms of TBI. The clinical benefit and effects of infrared phototherapy on mitochondrial function and secondary molecular events are discussed in the context of adequate radiant energy penetration. Keywords: infrared, traumatic brain injury, TBI, transcranial infrared light therapy, transcranial laser therapyMorries LDCassano PHenderson TADove Medical PressarticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2015, Iss default, Pp 2159-2175 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Morries LD Cassano P Henderson TA Treatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy
description	Larry D Morries,1 Paolo Cassano,2 Theodore A Henderson1,3 1Neuro-Laser Foundation, Lakewood, CO, 2Harvard Medical School, Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 3The Synaptic Space, Centennial, CO, USA Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing health concern affecting civilians and military personnel. In this review, treatments for the chronic TBI patient are discussed, including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cognitive therapy, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. All available literature suggests a marginal benefit with prolonged treatment courses. An emerging modality of treatment is near-infrared (NIR) light, which has benefit in animal models of stroke, spinal cord injury, optic nerve injury, and TBI, and in human trials for stroke and TBI. The extant literature is confounded by variable degrees of efficacy and a bewildering array of treatment parameters. Some data indicate that diodes emitting low-level NIR energy often have failed to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy, perhaps due to failing to deliver sufficient radiant energy to the necessary depth. As part of this review, we present a retrospective case series using high-power NIR laser phototherapy with a Class IV laser to treat TBI. We demonstrate greater clinical efficacy with higher fluence, in contrast to the bimodal model of efficacy previously proposed. In ten patients with chronic TBI (average time since injury 9.3 years) given ten treatments over the course of 2 months using a high-power NIR laser (13.2 W/0.89 cm2 at 810 nm or 9 W/0.89 cm2 at 810 nm and 980 nm), symptoms of headache, sleep disturbance, cognition, mood dysregulation, anxiety, and irritability improved. Symptoms were monitored by depression scales and a novel patient diary system specifically designed for this study. NIR light in the power range of 10–15 W at 810 nm and 980 nm can safely and effectively treat chronic symptoms of TBI. The clinical benefit and effects of infrared phototherapy on mitochondrial function and secondary molecular events are discussed in the context of adequate radiant energy penetration. Keywords: infrared, traumatic brain injury, TBI, transcranial infrared light therapy, transcranial laser therapy
format	article
author	Morries LD Cassano P Henderson TA
author_facet	Morries LD Cassano P Henderson TA
author_sort	Morries LD
title	Treatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy
title_short	Treatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy
title_full	Treatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy
title_fullStr	Treatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy
title_full_unstemmed	Treatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy
title_sort	treatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/da9ce0e3fd234cfda247adc7a8ea6565
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Treatments for traumatic brain injury with emphasis on transcranial near-infrared laser phototherapy

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