Environmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, prevalent in approximately 50–70% of the dementia cases. AD affects memory, and it is a progressive disease interfering with cognitive abilities, behaviour and functioning of the person affected. In 2015, there were 47 million people affe...

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Autores principales:	Hanna Maria Elonheimo, Helle Raun Andersen, Andromachi Katsonouri, Hanna Tolonen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Alzheimer’s disease (AD) chemical exposure pesticides mercury (Hg) cadmium (Cd) arsenic (As) Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/daa45baedcd14c25b37a5cae9321afeb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:daa45baedcd14c25b37a5cae9321afeb2021-11-25T17:48:50ZEnvironmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review10.3390/ijerph1822118391660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/daa45baedcd14c25b37a5cae9321afeb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/11839https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, prevalent in approximately 50–70% of the dementia cases. AD affects memory, and it is a progressive disease interfering with cognitive abilities, behaviour and functioning of the person affected. In 2015, there were 47 million people affected by dementia worldwide, and the figure was estimated to increase to 75 million in 2030 and to 132 million by 2050. In the framework of European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), 18 substances or substance groups were prioritized for investigation. For each of the priority substances, a scoping document was prepared. Based on these scoping documents and complementary review of the recent literature, a scoping review of HBM4EU-priority substances which might be associated with AD was conducted. A possible association between risk of AD and pesticides was detected. For mercury (Hg), association is possible but inconsistent. Regarding cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), the results are inconsistent but inclined towards possible associations between the substances and the risk of disease. The evidence regarding lead (Pb) was weaker than for the other substances; however, possible associations exist. Although there is evidence of adverse neurological effects of environmental substances, more research is needed. Environmental chemical exposure and the related hazards are essential concerns for public health, and they could be preventable.Hanna Maria ElonheimoHelle Raun AndersenAndromachi KatsonouriHanna TolonenMDPI AGarticleAlzheimer’s disease (AD)chemical exposurepesticidesmercury (Hg)cadmium (Cd)arsenic (As)MedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11839, p 11839 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Alzheimer’s disease (AD) chemical exposure pesticides mercury (Hg) cadmium (Cd) arsenic (As) Medicine R
spellingShingle	Alzheimer’s disease (AD) chemical exposure pesticides mercury (Hg) cadmium (Cd) arsenic (As) Medicine R Hanna Maria Elonheimo Helle Raun Andersen Andromachi Katsonouri Hanna Tolonen Environmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review
description	Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, prevalent in approximately 50–70% of the dementia cases. AD affects memory, and it is a progressive disease interfering with cognitive abilities, behaviour and functioning of the person affected. In 2015, there were 47 million people affected by dementia worldwide, and the figure was estimated to increase to 75 million in 2030 and to 132 million by 2050. In the framework of European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), 18 substances or substance groups were prioritized for investigation. For each of the priority substances, a scoping document was prepared. Based on these scoping documents and complementary review of the recent literature, a scoping review of HBM4EU-priority substances which might be associated with AD was conducted. A possible association between risk of AD and pesticides was detected. For mercury (Hg), association is possible but inconsistent. Regarding cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), the results are inconsistent but inclined towards possible associations between the substances and the risk of disease. The evidence regarding lead (Pb) was weaker than for the other substances; however, possible associations exist. Although there is evidence of adverse neurological effects of environmental substances, more research is needed. Environmental chemical exposure and the related hazards are essential concerns for public health, and they could be preventable.
format	article
author	Hanna Maria Elonheimo Helle Raun Andersen Andromachi Katsonouri Hanna Tolonen
author_facet	Hanna Maria Elonheimo Helle Raun Andersen Andromachi Katsonouri Hanna Tolonen
author_sort	Hanna Maria Elonheimo
title	Environmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review
title_short	Environmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review
title_full	Environmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review
title_fullStr	Environmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review
title_full_unstemmed	Environmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review
title_sort	environmental substances associated with alzheimer’s disease—a scoping review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/daa45baedcd14c25b37a5cae9321afeb
work_keys_str_mv	AT hannamariaelonheimo environmentalsubstancesassociatedwithalzheimersdiseaseascopingreview AT helleraunandersen environmentalsubstancesassociatedwithalzheimersdiseaseascopingreview AT andromachikatsonouri environmentalsubstancesassociatedwithalzheimersdiseaseascopingreview AT hannatolonen environmentalsubstancesassociatedwithalzheimersdiseaseascopingreview
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Environmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review

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