Functional and Structural Changes of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex in Heavy Smokers

Marwa Abdelshafy, Ahmed Abdelshafy Ophthalmology Department, Benha University, Benha, EgyptCorrespondence: Marwa AbdelshafyFaculty of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Benha University, 1 El Amirafawzya Street, Benha, Qalubiya Governorate, Benha 13512, EgyptEmail Drmarwatabl2012@gmail.comPurpose:...

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Autores principales:	Abdelshafy M, Abdelshafy A
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	gcl nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography pattern electroretinogram photopic negative response. Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/daa7e6fb5e5c4afcb24247003d248bf0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:daa7e6fb5e5c4afcb24247003d248bf02021-12-02T08:41:02ZFunctional and Structural Changes of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex in Heavy Smokers1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/daa7e6fb5e5c4afcb24247003d248bf02020-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/functional-and-structural-changes-of-the-retinal-nerve-fiber-layer-and-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Marwa Abdelshafy, Ahmed Abdelshafy Ophthalmology Department, Benha University, Benha, EgyptCorrespondence: Marwa AbdelshafyFaculty of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Benha University, 1 El Amirafawzya Street, Benha, Qalubiya Governorate, Benha 13512, EgyptEmail Drmarwatabl2012@gmail.comPurpose: To assess the functional and structural changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and the ganglion cell complex (GCC) in heavy smokers using pattern electroretinogram (PERG), photopic negative response(PhNR) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Patients and Methods: Sixty eyes of 30 heavy smokers (at least 15 cigarettes/day for 10 years) (study group) and 60 eyes of 30 age and gender-matched healthy non-smoker subjects (control group) were included. After full ophthalmologic examination (PERG), (PhNR) using RETI-port/scan 21 (Roland Consult, Brandenburg, Germany) and (SD-OCT using Topcon 3D OCT model 2000 FA version.8.30) were tested for all participants. Statistical analysis was performed to compare GCC, RNFL thicknesses, PERG and phNR values between groups.Results: The mean age was 36.67± 4.13 years in the study group and 36.0± 4.76 years in the control group. There were no statistical significant differences between the two groups regarding intraocular pressure (p=0.43), axial length (p=0.37), and central corneal thickness (p=0.86). There were significant differences of GCC thickness values between the study group (88.4± 6.6 μm) and control group (94.83± 5.25 μm) (p< 0.001). The mean RNFL values of study and control groups were 97.87± 5.88 and 106.43± 6.59 μm, respectively (p< 0.001). In the study group the superior and inferior quadrants of RNFL were significantly thinner, but there were no significant differences between the two groups in nasal and temporal quadrants. There were no significant differences of PERG-P50 amplitude (p=0.49) and latency (p=0.71); however, PERG-N95 amplitude and latency showed significant differences between the two groups (p< 0.001).There were significant differences of phNR amplitude and latency between the two groups (p< 0.001). Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that the PhNR, PERG amplitude and latency are the most important determinants for both RNFL and GCC thicknesses.Conclusion: In heavy smokers RNFL thickness was decreased, the PhNR, PERG-N95 amplitudes were diminished and the implicit times were prolonged compared to non-smokers. PhNR and PERG reflect both dysfunction and loss of ganglion cells and their axons.Keywords: GCL, nerve fiber layer, optical coherence tomography, pattern electroretinogram, photopic negative responseAbdelshafy MAbdelshafy ADove Medical Pressarticlegclnerve fiber layeroptical coherence tomographypattern electroretinogramphotopic negative response.OphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 14, Pp 397-404 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gcl nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography pattern electroretinogram photopic negative response. Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	gcl nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography pattern electroretinogram photopic negative response. Ophthalmology RE1-994 Abdelshafy M Abdelshafy A Functional and Structural Changes of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex in Heavy Smokers
description	Marwa Abdelshafy, Ahmed Abdelshafy Ophthalmology Department, Benha University, Benha, EgyptCorrespondence: Marwa AbdelshafyFaculty of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Benha University, 1 El Amirafawzya Street, Benha, Qalubiya Governorate, Benha 13512, EgyptEmail Drmarwatabl2012@gmail.comPurpose: To assess the functional and structural changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and the ganglion cell complex (GCC) in heavy smokers using pattern electroretinogram (PERG), photopic negative response(PhNR) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Patients and Methods: Sixty eyes of 30 heavy smokers (at least 15 cigarettes/day for 10 years) (study group) and 60 eyes of 30 age and gender-matched healthy non-smoker subjects (control group) were included. After full ophthalmologic examination (PERG), (PhNR) using RETI-port/scan 21 (Roland Consult, Brandenburg, Germany) and (SD-OCT using Topcon 3D OCT model 2000 FA version.8.30) were tested for all participants. Statistical analysis was performed to compare GCC, RNFL thicknesses, PERG and phNR values between groups.Results: The mean age was 36.67± 4.13 years in the study group and 36.0± 4.76 years in the control group. There were no statistical significant differences between the two groups regarding intraocular pressure (p=0.43), axial length (p=0.37), and central corneal thickness (p=0.86). There were significant differences of GCC thickness values between the study group (88.4± 6.6 μm) and control group (94.83± 5.25 μm) (p< 0.001). The mean RNFL values of study and control groups were 97.87± 5.88 and 106.43± 6.59 μm, respectively (p< 0.001). In the study group the superior and inferior quadrants of RNFL were significantly thinner, but there were no significant differences between the two groups in nasal and temporal quadrants. There were no significant differences of PERG-P50 amplitude (p=0.49) and latency (p=0.71); however, PERG-N95 amplitude and latency showed significant differences between the two groups (p< 0.001).There were significant differences of phNR amplitude and latency between the two groups (p< 0.001). Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that the PhNR, PERG amplitude and latency are the most important determinants for both RNFL and GCC thicknesses.Conclusion: In heavy smokers RNFL thickness was decreased, the PhNR, PERG-N95 amplitudes were diminished and the implicit times were prolonged compared to non-smokers. PhNR and PERG reflect both dysfunction and loss of ganglion cells and their axons.Keywords: GCL, nerve fiber layer, optical coherence tomography, pattern electroretinogram, photopic negative response
format	article
author	Abdelshafy M Abdelshafy A
author_facet	Abdelshafy M Abdelshafy A
author_sort	Abdelshafy M
title	Functional and Structural Changes of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex in Heavy Smokers
title_short	Functional and Structural Changes of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex in Heavy Smokers
title_full	Functional and Structural Changes of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex in Heavy Smokers
title_fullStr	Functional and Structural Changes of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex in Heavy Smokers
title_full_unstemmed	Functional and Structural Changes of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex in Heavy Smokers
title_sort	functional and structural changes of the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex in heavy smokers
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/daa7e6fb5e5c4afcb24247003d248bf0
work_keys_str_mv	AT abdelshafym functionalandstructuralchangesoftheretinalnervefiberlayerandganglioncellcomplexinheavysmokers AT abdelshafya functionalandstructuralchangesoftheretinalnervefiberlayerandganglioncellcomplexinheavysmokers
_version_	1718398437046616064

Functional and Structural Changes of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex in Heavy Smokers

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