Use of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition

Water is becoming scarce for ceramic processing, even in certain regions of Brazil. In the wet milling process, the ceramic slips are formed by 30 wt% water to achieve the adequate density and viscosity for an efficient milling. Wastewater from other ceramic processes, as enameling, could be used fo...

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Autores principales:	Luciano Soares, Alexandre Gonçalves Dal-Bó, Adriano Michael Bernardin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Ceramic tile industry Reuse of wastewater from enameling Efficiency of wet milling Design of experiments Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental engineering TA170-171
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/daf44bfe1c12413eb4b95e2f6642cac9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:daf44bfe1c12413eb4b95e2f6642cac92021-11-10T04:42:49ZUse of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition2666-790810.1016/j.clet.2021.100338https://doaj.org/article/daf44bfe1c12413eb4b95e2f6642cac92021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666790821002986https://doaj.org/toc/2666-7908Water is becoming scarce for ceramic processing, even in certain regions of Brazil. In the wet milling process, the ceramic slips are formed by 30 wt% water to achieve the adequate density and viscosity for an efficient milling. Wastewater from other ceramic processes, as enameling, could be used for milling. The aim of this work was the study of the milling process of a ceramic tile composition using wastewater without treatment in place of clean water. The raw materials forming the ‘monoporosa’ composition and the wastewater were characterized (XRF, particle size) as well as the monoporosa composition (STD) (XRD, residue at #325 ASTM sieve, flow time viscosity, density). The milling parameters were mill rotation (15 or 19 rpm), mill loading capacity (70 or 100%) and type of water (wastewater or clean water) used as the factors (and levels) in a full factorial design, totaling 8 experiments (levelfactor = 2³). The tests were carried out in a mill of 148 L capacity, with a load of 87 kg of raw materials and addition of 34 L of wastewater (1.05 g/L) or clean water (1.0 g/L density). The density, viscosity, and residue at the 4, 6, 8 and 10th hour of milling were determined. As a result, the use of wastewater increases the density of the liquid medium and thus increases the milling residue, as evidenced in the 10th milling hour. At the end of the work, it was possible to reduce the total milling time in a 12,000 L industrial mill by 2 h (25%), without changing the characteristics of the slip, even using wastewater as liquid medium.Luciano SoaresAlexandre Gonçalves Dal-BóAdriano Michael BernardinElsevierarticleCeramic tile industryReuse of wastewater from enamelingEfficiency of wet millingDesign of experimentsRenewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental engineeringTA170-171ENCleaner Engineering and Technology, Vol 5, Iss , Pp 100338- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ceramic tile industry Reuse of wastewater from enameling Efficiency of wet milling Design of experiments Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental engineering TA170-171
spellingShingle	Ceramic tile industry Reuse of wastewater from enameling Efficiency of wet milling Design of experiments Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental engineering TA170-171 Luciano Soares Alexandre Gonçalves Dal-Bó Adriano Michael Bernardin Use of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition
description	Water is becoming scarce for ceramic processing, even in certain regions of Brazil. In the wet milling process, the ceramic slips are formed by 30 wt% water to achieve the adequate density and viscosity for an efficient milling. Wastewater from other ceramic processes, as enameling, could be used for milling. The aim of this work was the study of the milling process of a ceramic tile composition using wastewater without treatment in place of clean water. The raw materials forming the ‘monoporosa’ composition and the wastewater were characterized (XRF, particle size) as well as the monoporosa composition (STD) (XRD, residue at #325 ASTM sieve, flow time viscosity, density). The milling parameters were mill rotation (15 or 19 rpm), mill loading capacity (70 or 100%) and type of water (wastewater or clean water) used as the factors (and levels) in a full factorial design, totaling 8 experiments (levelfactor = 2³). The tests were carried out in a mill of 148 L capacity, with a load of 87 kg of raw materials and addition of 34 L of wastewater (1.05 g/L) or clean water (1.0 g/L density). The density, viscosity, and residue at the 4, 6, 8 and 10th hour of milling were determined. As a result, the use of wastewater increases the density of the liquid medium and thus increases the milling residue, as evidenced in the 10th milling hour. At the end of the work, it was possible to reduce the total milling time in a 12,000 L industrial mill by 2 h (25%), without changing the characteristics of the slip, even using wastewater as liquid medium.
format	article
author	Luciano Soares Alexandre Gonçalves Dal-Bó Adriano Michael Bernardin
author_facet	Luciano Soares Alexandre Gonçalves Dal-Bó Adriano Michael Bernardin
author_sort	Luciano Soares
title	Use of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition
title_short	Use of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition
title_full	Use of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition
title_fullStr	Use of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition
title_full_unstemmed	Use of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition
title_sort	use of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/daf44bfe1c12413eb4b95e2f6642cac9
work_keys_str_mv	AT lucianosoares useofenamelingwastewaterinthewetmillingprocessformonoporosatilecomposition AT alexandregoncalvesdalbo useofenamelingwastewaterinthewetmillingprocessformonoporosatilecomposition AT adrianomichaelbernardin useofenamelingwastewaterinthewetmillingprocessformonoporosatilecomposition
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Use of enameling wastewater in the wet milling process for ‘monoporosa’ tile composition

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