BASIC MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE HITTITE PERIOD

We observe the use of metal as the most important mediums of exchange in the economic system implemented in Anatolia in the Hittite Period. The same economic system developed various units of weight and measurement in the sense of control mechanisms to create fixed equivalence in the mediums of exch...

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Autor principal:	Sevgi DÖNMEZ
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	DE EN FR TR
Publicado:	Fırat University 2019
Materias:	mediums of exchange metal weighting stones units of measurement hitit Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) H1-99
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/db25668e9419415e97a328ee41feb7e7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:db25668e9419415e97a328ee41feb7e72021-11-24T09:21:00ZBASIC MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE HITTITE PERIOD2148-416310.9761/JASSS2025https://doaj.org/article/db25668e9419415e97a328ee41feb7e72019-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jasstudies.com/index.jsp?mod=tammetin&makaleadi=36135496_42d%C3%B6nmez%20sevgi-813-832.pdf&key=27019https://doaj.org/toc/2148-4163We observe the use of metal as the most important mediums of exchange in the economic system implemented in Anatolia in the Hittite Period. The same economic system developed various units of weight and measurement in the sense of control mechanisms to create fixed equivalence in the mediums of exchange. Weighting stones obtained in various settlements of Anatolia since the Early Bronze Ages are of importance since they reveal the commercial relationships between Anatolia and the other regions, and the philological documents proving the use of various weights and units of measurement obtained from the Hittite Period provide important clues about how and by whom the control mechanisms were operated in Anatolia of the Period. When we observe the areas of use of the weights and the units of measurement and the methods of pricing determined by the laws in the cuneiform scripts in Hittite language, the units of weight and measurement used as control mechanisms were developed to a large extent by central structures, palaces or temples. In the vow scripts, diplomatic texts or pray texts in Hittite language, the weights and the measurements of the goods presented to the palaces or the temples were inspected and recorded in a very strict sense. Weight and measurement systems served the use of various goods for the exchange as a fixed equivalent and the emergence of the value of the goods in terms of mediums of exchange. In this sense, the most important medium of exchange became silver in the Hittite Period. The purchasing power of 1 šekel silver became the most important criterion to calculate the circulation of the goods both in theory and in practice. Other than silver, almost all metals functioned as mediums of exchange as salaries or prizes and exchange of diplomatic presents. Metals that got into the circulation were used as a fixed equivalent in the form of nuggets or “finished goods” (commodity money).Sevgi DÖNMEZFırat Universityarticlemediums of exchangemetalweighting stonesunits of measurementhititSocial SciencesHSocial sciences (General)H1-99DEENFRTRJournal of Academic Social Science Studies , Vol 6, Iss 23, Pp 813-832 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	DE EN FR TR
topic	mediums of exchange metal weighting stones units of measurement hitit Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) H1-99
spellingShingle	mediums of exchange metal weighting stones units of measurement hitit Social Sciences H Social sciences (General) H1-99 Sevgi DÖNMEZ BASIC MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE HITTITE PERIOD
description	We observe the use of metal as the most important mediums of exchange in the economic system implemented in Anatolia in the Hittite Period. The same economic system developed various units of weight and measurement in the sense of control mechanisms to create fixed equivalence in the mediums of exchange. Weighting stones obtained in various settlements of Anatolia since the Early Bronze Ages are of importance since they reveal the commercial relationships between Anatolia and the other regions, and the philological documents proving the use of various weights and units of measurement obtained from the Hittite Period provide important clues about how and by whom the control mechanisms were operated in Anatolia of the Period. When we observe the areas of use of the weights and the units of measurement and the methods of pricing determined by the laws in the cuneiform scripts in Hittite language, the units of weight and measurement used as control mechanisms were developed to a large extent by central structures, palaces or temples. In the vow scripts, diplomatic texts or pray texts in Hittite language, the weights and the measurements of the goods presented to the palaces or the temples were inspected and recorded in a very strict sense. Weight and measurement systems served the use of various goods for the exchange as a fixed equivalent and the emergence of the value of the goods in terms of mediums of exchange. In this sense, the most important medium of exchange became silver in the Hittite Period. The purchasing power of 1 šekel silver became the most important criterion to calculate the circulation of the goods both in theory and in practice. Other than silver, almost all metals functioned as mediums of exchange as salaries or prizes and exchange of diplomatic presents. Metals that got into the circulation were used as a fixed equivalent in the form of nuggets or “finished goods” (commodity money).
format	article
author	Sevgi DÖNMEZ
author_facet	Sevgi DÖNMEZ
author_sort	Sevgi DÖNMEZ
title	BASIC MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE HITTITE PERIOD
title_short	BASIC MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE HITTITE PERIOD
title_full	BASIC MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE HITTITE PERIOD
title_fullStr	BASIC MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE HITTITE PERIOD
title_full_unstemmed	BASIC MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE HITTITE PERIOD
title_sort	basic mediums of exchange and units of measurement in the hittite period
publisher	Fırat University
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/db25668e9419415e97a328ee41feb7e7
work_keys_str_mv	AT sevgidonmez basicmediumsofexchangeandunitsofmeasurementinthehittiteperiod
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BASIC MEDIUMS OF EXCHANGE AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT IN THE HITTITE PERIOD

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