Direct evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium

Abstract Elemental type-II superconducting niobium is the material of choice for superconducting radiofrequency cavities used in modern particle accelerators, light sources, detectors, sensors, and quantum computing architecture. An essential challenge to increasing energy efficiency in rf applicati...

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Autores principales:	Shreyas Balachandran, Anatolii Polyanskii, Santosh Chetri, Pashupati Dhakal, Yi-Feng Su, Zu-Hawn Sung, Peter J. Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/db536317d1994772aeeba4a1a0aeec51
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:db536317d1994772aeeba4a1a0aeec512021-12-02T15:54:02ZDirect evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium10.1038/s41598-021-84498-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/db536317d1994772aeeba4a1a0aeec512021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84498-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Elemental type-II superconducting niobium is the material of choice for superconducting radiofrequency cavities used in modern particle accelerators, light sources, detectors, sensors, and quantum computing architecture. An essential challenge to increasing energy efficiency in rf applications is the power dissipation due to residual magnetic field that is trapped during the cool down process due to incomplete magnetic field expulsion. New SRF cavity processing recipes that use surface doping techniques have significantly increased their cryogenic efficiency. However, the performance of SRF Nb accelerators still shows vulnerability to a trapped magnetic field. In this manuscript, we report the observation of a direct link between flux trapping and incomplete flux expulsion with spatial variations in microstructure within the niobium. Fine-grain recrystallized microstructure with an average grain size of 10–50 µm leads to flux trapping even with a lack of dislocation structures in grain interiors. Larger grain sizes beyond 100–400 µm do not lead to preferential flux trapping, as observed directly by magneto-optical imaging. While local magnetic flux variations imaged by magneto-optics provide clarity on a microstructure level, bulk variations are also indicated by variations in pinning force curves with sequential heat treatment studies. The key results indicate that complete control of the niobium microstructure will help produce higher performance superconducting resonators with reduced rf losses1 related to the magnetic flux trapping.Shreyas BalachandranAnatolii PolyanskiiSantosh ChetriPashupati DhakalYi-Feng SuZu-Hawn SungPeter J. LeeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shreyas Balachandran Anatolii Polyanskii Santosh Chetri Pashupati Dhakal Yi-Feng Su Zu-Hawn Sung Peter J. Lee Direct evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium
description	Abstract Elemental type-II superconducting niobium is the material of choice for superconducting radiofrequency cavities used in modern particle accelerators, light sources, detectors, sensors, and quantum computing architecture. An essential challenge to increasing energy efficiency in rf applications is the power dissipation due to residual magnetic field that is trapped during the cool down process due to incomplete magnetic field expulsion. New SRF cavity processing recipes that use surface doping techniques have significantly increased their cryogenic efficiency. However, the performance of SRF Nb accelerators still shows vulnerability to a trapped magnetic field. In this manuscript, we report the observation of a direct link between flux trapping and incomplete flux expulsion with spatial variations in microstructure within the niobium. Fine-grain recrystallized microstructure with an average grain size of 10–50 µm leads to flux trapping even with a lack of dislocation structures in grain interiors. Larger grain sizes beyond 100–400 µm do not lead to preferential flux trapping, as observed directly by magneto-optical imaging. While local magnetic flux variations imaged by magneto-optics provide clarity on a microstructure level, bulk variations are also indicated by variations in pinning force curves with sequential heat treatment studies. The key results indicate that complete control of the niobium microstructure will help produce higher performance superconducting resonators with reduced rf losses1 related to the magnetic flux trapping.
format	article
author	Shreyas Balachandran Anatolii Polyanskii Santosh Chetri Pashupati Dhakal Yi-Feng Su Zu-Hawn Sung Peter J. Lee
author_facet	Shreyas Balachandran Anatolii Polyanskii Santosh Chetri Pashupati Dhakal Yi-Feng Su Zu-Hawn Sung Peter J. Lee
author_sort	Shreyas Balachandran
title	Direct evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium
title_short	Direct evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium
title_full	Direct evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium
title_fullStr	Direct evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium
title_full_unstemmed	Direct evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium
title_sort	direct evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/db536317d1994772aeeba4a1a0aeec51
work_keys_str_mv	AT shreyasbalachandran directevidenceofmicrostructuredependenceofmagneticfluxtrappinginniobium AT anatoliipolyanskii directevidenceofmicrostructuredependenceofmagneticfluxtrappinginniobium AT santoshchetri directevidenceofmicrostructuredependenceofmagneticfluxtrappinginniobium AT pashupatidhakal directevidenceofmicrostructuredependenceofmagneticfluxtrappinginniobium AT yifengsu directevidenceofmicrostructuredependenceofmagneticfluxtrappinginniobium AT zuhawnsung directevidenceofmicrostructuredependenceofmagneticfluxtrappinginniobium AT peterjlee directevidenceofmicrostructuredependenceofmagneticfluxtrappinginniobium
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Direct evidence of microstructure dependence of magnetic flux trapping in niobium

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