Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review.

<h4>Background</h4>Crusted scabies is endemic in some remote Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia and carries a high mortality risk. Improvement in active case detection (ACD) for crusted scabies is hampered by a lack of evidence about best practice. We ther...

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Autores principales:	Miriam Glennie, Karen Gardner, Michelle Dowden, Bart J Currie
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/db67832d81274b999a41cc8c7a72e4e3
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:db67832d81274b999a41cc8c7a72e4e3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:db67832d81274b999a41cc8c7a72e4e32021-12-02T20:23:44ZActive case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009577https://doaj.org/article/db67832d81274b999a41cc8c7a72e4e32021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009577https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Crusted scabies is endemic in some remote Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia and carries a high mortality risk. Improvement in active case detection (ACD) for crusted scabies is hampered by a lack of evidence about best practice. We therefore conducted a systematic review of ACD methods for leprosy, a condition with similar ACD requirements, to consider how findings could be informative to crusted scabies detection.<h4>Methods and principle findings</h4>We conducted systematic searches in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and the Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews for studies published since 1999 that reported at least one comparison rate (detection or prevalence rate) against which the yield of the ACD method could be assessed. The search yielded 15 eligible studies from 511. Study heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. Contact tracing and community screening of marginalised ethnic groups yielded the highest new case detection rates. Rapid community screening campaigns, and those using less experienced screening personnel, were associated with lower suspect confirmation rates. There is insufficient data to assess whether ACD campaigns improve treatment outcomes or disease control.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This review demonstrates the importance of ACD campaigns in communities facing the highest barriers to healthcare access and within neighbourhoods of index cases. The potential benefit of ACD for crusted scabies is not quantified, however, lessons from leprosy suggest value in follow-up with previously identified cases and their close contacts to support for scabies control and to reduce the likelihood of reinfection in the crusted scabies case. Skilled screening personnel and appropriate community engagement strategies are needed to maximise screening uptake. More research is needed to assess ACD cost effectiveness, impact on disease control, and to explore ACD methods capable of capturing the homeless and highly mobile who may be missed in household centric models.Miriam GlennieKaren GardnerMichelle DowdenBart J CurriePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 7, p e0009577 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Miriam Glennie Karen Gardner Michelle Dowden Bart J Currie Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Crusted scabies is endemic in some remote Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia and carries a high mortality risk. Improvement in active case detection (ACD) for crusted scabies is hampered by a lack of evidence about best practice. We therefore conducted a systematic review of ACD methods for leprosy, a condition with similar ACD requirements, to consider how findings could be informative to crusted scabies detection.<h4>Methods and principle findings</h4>We conducted systematic searches in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and the Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews for studies published since 1999 that reported at least one comparison rate (detection or prevalence rate) against which the yield of the ACD method could be assessed. The search yielded 15 eligible studies from 511. Study heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. Contact tracing and community screening of marginalised ethnic groups yielded the highest new case detection rates. Rapid community screening campaigns, and those using less experienced screening personnel, were associated with lower suspect confirmation rates. There is insufficient data to assess whether ACD campaigns improve treatment outcomes or disease control.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This review demonstrates the importance of ACD campaigns in communities facing the highest barriers to healthcare access and within neighbourhoods of index cases. The potential benefit of ACD for crusted scabies is not quantified, however, lessons from leprosy suggest value in follow-up with previously identified cases and their close contacts to support for scabies control and to reduce the likelihood of reinfection in the crusted scabies case. Skilled screening personnel and appropriate community engagement strategies are needed to maximise screening uptake. More research is needed to assess ACD cost effectiveness, impact on disease control, and to explore ACD methods capable of capturing the homeless and highly mobile who may be missed in household centric models.
format	article
author	Miriam Glennie Karen Gardner Michelle Dowden Bart J Currie
author_facet	Miriam Glennie Karen Gardner Michelle Dowden Bart J Currie
author_sort	Miriam Glennie
title	Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review.
title_short	Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review.
title_full	Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review.
title_fullStr	Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review.
title_full_unstemmed	Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review.
title_sort	active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: a systematic review.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/db67832d81274b999a41cc8c7a72e4e3
work_keys_str_mv	AT miriamglennie activecasedetectionmethodsforcrustedscabiesandleprosyasystematicreview AT karengardner activecasedetectionmethodsforcrustedscabiesandleprosyasystematicreview AT michelledowden activecasedetectionmethodsforcrustedscabiesandleprosyasystematicreview AT bartjcurrie activecasedetectionmethodsforcrustedscabiesandleprosyasystematicreview
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Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review.

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