Two Complementary Signaling Pathways Depict Eukaryotic Chemotaxis: A Mechanochemical Coupling Model

Many eukaryotic cells, including neutrophils and Dictyostelium cells, are able to undergo correlated random migration in the absence of directional cues while reacting to shallow gradients of chemoattractants with exquisite precision. Although progress has been made with regard to molecular identiti...

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Autores principales:	Lüwen Zhou, Shiliang Feng, Long Li, Shouqin Lü, Yan Zhang, Mian Long
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	chemotaxis cytoskeletal remodeling mathematical model biochemical biomechanical Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/db8a40bb98d245acae1b3e68e429991a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:db8a40bb98d245acae1b3e68e429991a2021-11-17T07:03:59ZTwo Complementary Signaling Pathways Depict Eukaryotic Chemotaxis: A Mechanochemical Coupling Model2296-634X10.3389/fcell.2021.786254https://doaj.org/article/db8a40bb98d245acae1b3e68e429991a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.786254/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-634XMany eukaryotic cells, including neutrophils and Dictyostelium cells, are able to undergo correlated random migration in the absence of directional cues while reacting to shallow gradients of chemoattractants with exquisite precision. Although progress has been made with regard to molecular identities, it remains elusive how molecular mechanics are integrated with cell mechanics to initiate and manipulate cell motility. Here, we propose a two dimensional (2D) cell migration model wherein a multilayered dynamic seesaw mechanism is accompanied by a mechanical strain-based inhibition mechanism. In biology, these two mechanisms can be mapped onto the biochemical feedback between phosphoinositides (PIs) and Rho GTPase and the mechanical interplay between filamin A (FLNa) and FilGAP. Cell migration and the accompanying morphological changes are demonstrated in numerical simulations using a particle-spring model, and the diffusion in the cell membrane are simulations using a one dimensional (1D) finite differences method (FDM). The fine balance established between endogenous signaling and a mechanically governed inactivation scheme ensures the endogenous cycle of self-organizing pseudopods, accounting for the correlated random migration. Furthermore, this model cell manifests directional and adaptable responses to shallow graded signaling, depending on the overwhelming effect of the graded stimuli guidance on strain-based inhibition. Finally, the model cell becomes trapped within an obstacle-ridden spatial region, manifesting a shuttle run for local explorations and can chemotactically “escape”, illustrating again the balance required in the complementary signaling pathways.Lüwen ZhouLüwen ZhouShiliang FengShiliang FengLong LiShouqin LüShouqin LüYan ZhangYan ZhangMian Long Mian Long Frontiers Media S.A.articlechemotaxiscytoskeletal remodelingmathematical modelbiochemicalbiomechanicalBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENFrontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chemotaxis cytoskeletal remodeling mathematical model biochemical biomechanical Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	chemotaxis cytoskeletal remodeling mathematical model biochemical biomechanical Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Lüwen Zhou Lüwen Zhou Shiliang Feng Shiliang Feng Long Li Shouqin Lü Shouqin Lü Yan Zhang Yan Zhang Mian Long Mian Long Two Complementary Signaling Pathways Depict Eukaryotic Chemotaxis: A Mechanochemical Coupling Model
description	Many eukaryotic cells, including neutrophils and Dictyostelium cells, are able to undergo correlated random migration in the absence of directional cues while reacting to shallow gradients of chemoattractants with exquisite precision. Although progress has been made with regard to molecular identities, it remains elusive how molecular mechanics are integrated with cell mechanics to initiate and manipulate cell motility. Here, we propose a two dimensional (2D) cell migration model wherein a multilayered dynamic seesaw mechanism is accompanied by a mechanical strain-based inhibition mechanism. In biology, these two mechanisms can be mapped onto the biochemical feedback between phosphoinositides (PIs) and Rho GTPase and the mechanical interplay between filamin A (FLNa) and FilGAP. Cell migration and the accompanying morphological changes are demonstrated in numerical simulations using a particle-spring model, and the diffusion in the cell membrane are simulations using a one dimensional (1D) finite differences method (FDM). The fine balance established between endogenous signaling and a mechanically governed inactivation scheme ensures the endogenous cycle of self-organizing pseudopods, accounting for the correlated random migration. Furthermore, this model cell manifests directional and adaptable responses to shallow graded signaling, depending on the overwhelming effect of the graded stimuli guidance on strain-based inhibition. Finally, the model cell becomes trapped within an obstacle-ridden spatial region, manifesting a shuttle run for local explorations and can chemotactically “escape”, illustrating again the balance required in the complementary signaling pathways.
format	article
author	Lüwen Zhou Lüwen Zhou Shiliang Feng Shiliang Feng Long Li Shouqin Lü Shouqin Lü Yan Zhang Yan Zhang Mian Long Mian Long
author_facet	Lüwen Zhou Lüwen Zhou Shiliang Feng Shiliang Feng Long Li Shouqin Lü Shouqin Lü Yan Zhang Yan Zhang Mian Long Mian Long
author_sort	Lüwen Zhou
title	Two Complementary Signaling Pathways Depict Eukaryotic Chemotaxis: A Mechanochemical Coupling Model
title_short	Two Complementary Signaling Pathways Depict Eukaryotic Chemotaxis: A Mechanochemical Coupling Model
title_full	Two Complementary Signaling Pathways Depict Eukaryotic Chemotaxis: A Mechanochemical Coupling Model
title_fullStr	Two Complementary Signaling Pathways Depict Eukaryotic Chemotaxis: A Mechanochemical Coupling Model
title_full_unstemmed	Two Complementary Signaling Pathways Depict Eukaryotic Chemotaxis: A Mechanochemical Coupling Model
title_sort	two complementary signaling pathways depict eukaryotic chemotaxis: a mechanochemical coupling model
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/db8a40bb98d245acae1b3e68e429991a
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_version_	1718425893578211328

Two Complementary Signaling Pathways Depict Eukaryotic Chemotaxis: A Mechanochemical Coupling Model

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