Territory holders and non-territory holders in Ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis

Abstract Ayu fish form feeding territories during a non-breeding (growing) season. When the density of the fish increases, phases gradually change. In the early growing season, all fish can hold territories at low density. Once all territory sites are occupied, newcomers become floaters. As the dens...

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Autores principales:	Yuki Katsumata, Takashi Uehara, Hiromu Ito, Jin Yoshimura, Kei-ichi Tainaka, Genki Ichinose
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dbd91905f2c244b39e0a5f5dfc83f055
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dbd91905f2c244b39e0a5f5dfc83f0552021-12-02T15:05:13ZTerritory holders and non-territory holders in Ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis10.1038/s41598-017-16859-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/dbd91905f2c244b39e0a5f5dfc83f0552017-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16859-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Ayu fish form feeding territories during a non-breeding (growing) season. When the density of the fish increases, phases gradually change. In the early growing season, all fish can hold territories at low density. Once all territory sites are occupied, newcomers become floaters. As the density further increases, territory holders have to spend much more time in defending their own territory and lose the time to feed on algae. Eventually, all fish give up their own territories and then form a school. In contrast, when the density decreases, territories are directly reformed from the school. In short, ayu fish exhibit a different transition, called hysteresis, where the two transitions occur widely-apart from each other. The dynamics of this intrinsic phenomena has not been demonstrated in previous studies. We develop a rate equation to describe the population dynamics within territorial competition. Our model successfully reproduces territorial hysteresis and indicates that territory holders and floaters can coexist only in the process of population growth. Moreover, we also find that the two critical densities of territorial hysteresis are conspicuously different from each other when the increase of the density of floaters sharply influences (step-function-like) the territories.Yuki KatsumataTakashi UeharaHiromu ItoJin YoshimuraKei-ichi TainakaGenki IchinoseNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yuki Katsumata Takashi Uehara Hiromu Ito Jin Yoshimura Kei-ichi Tainaka Genki Ichinose Territory holders and non-territory holders in Ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis
description	Abstract Ayu fish form feeding territories during a non-breeding (growing) season. When the density of the fish increases, phases gradually change. In the early growing season, all fish can hold territories at low density. Once all territory sites are occupied, newcomers become floaters. As the density further increases, territory holders have to spend much more time in defending their own territory and lose the time to feed on algae. Eventually, all fish give up their own territories and then form a school. In contrast, when the density decreases, territories are directly reformed from the school. In short, ayu fish exhibit a different transition, called hysteresis, where the two transitions occur widely-apart from each other. The dynamics of this intrinsic phenomena has not been demonstrated in previous studies. We develop a rate equation to describe the population dynamics within territorial competition. Our model successfully reproduces territorial hysteresis and indicates that territory holders and floaters can coexist only in the process of population growth. Moreover, we also find that the two critical densities of territorial hysteresis are conspicuously different from each other when the increase of the density of floaters sharply influences (step-function-like) the territories.
format	article
author	Yuki Katsumata Takashi Uehara Hiromu Ito Jin Yoshimura Kei-ichi Tainaka Genki Ichinose
author_facet	Yuki Katsumata Takashi Uehara Hiromu Ito Jin Yoshimura Kei-ichi Tainaka Genki Ichinose
author_sort	Yuki Katsumata
title	Territory holders and non-territory holders in Ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis
title_short	Territory holders and non-territory holders in Ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis
title_full	Territory holders and non-territory holders in Ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis
title_fullStr	Territory holders and non-territory holders in Ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis
title_full_unstemmed	Territory holders and non-territory holders in Ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis
title_sort	territory holders and non-territory holders in ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/dbd91905f2c244b39e0a5f5dfc83f055
work_keys_str_mv	AT yukikatsumata territoryholdersandnonterritoryholdersinayufishcoexistonlyinthepopulationgrowthprocessduetohysteresis AT takashiuehara territoryholdersandnonterritoryholdersinayufishcoexistonlyinthepopulationgrowthprocessduetohysteresis AT hiromuito territoryholdersandnonterritoryholdersinayufishcoexistonlyinthepopulationgrowthprocessduetohysteresis AT jinyoshimura territoryholdersandnonterritoryholdersinayufishcoexistonlyinthepopulationgrowthprocessduetohysteresis AT keiichitainaka territoryholdersandnonterritoryholdersinayufishcoexistonlyinthepopulationgrowthprocessduetohysteresis AT genkiichinose territoryholdersandnonterritoryholdersinayufishcoexistonlyinthepopulationgrowthprocessduetohysteresis
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Territory holders and non-territory holders in Ayu fish coexist only in the population growth process due to hysteresis

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