Exopolysaccharides from Bifidobacterium animalis Ameliorate Escherichia coli-Induced IPEC-J2 Cell Damage via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Restoring Autophagy

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a common zoonotic pathogen that causes acute infectious diarrhea. Probiotics like Bifidobacterium are known to help prevent pathogen infections. The protective effects of Bifidobacterium are closely...

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Autores principales:	Lanxin Yuan, Bingxin Chu, Shiyan Chen, Yanan Li, Ning Liu, Yaohong Zhu, Dong Zhou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> exopolysaccharide IPEC-J2 autophagy Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dbeb81d1c808410b8778cfb00cf89ed5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dbeb81d1c808410b8778cfb00cf89ed52021-11-25T18:25:26ZExopolysaccharides from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> Ameliorate <i>Escherichia coli</i>-Induced IPEC-J2 Cell Damage via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Restoring Autophagy10.3390/microorganisms91123632076-2607https://doaj.org/article/dbeb81d1c808410b8778cfb00cf89ed52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2363https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607Enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EPEC) is a common zoonotic pathogen that causes acute infectious diarrhea. Probiotics like <i>Bifidobacterium</i> are known to help prevent pathogen infections. The protective effects of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> are closely associated with its secretory products exopolysaccharides (EPS). We explored the effects of the EPS from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> (<i>B. lactis</i>) on ameliorating the damage of an intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) during EPEC infection. Pretreatment with EPS alleviated EPEC-induced apoptosis through the restoration of cell morphology and the downregulation of protein expressions of cleaved-caspase 8, cleaved-caspase 3, and cleaved-PARP. EPS-mediated remission of apoptosis significantly improved cell viability during EPEC infection. EPEC infection also resulted in impaired autophagy, as demonstrated by decreased expressions of autophagy-related proteins Beclin 1, ATG5, and microtubule-binding protein light chain-3B (LC3B) and the increased expression of p62 through western blot analysis. However, EPS reversed these effects which indicated that EPS promoted autophagosome formation. Furthermore, EPS prevented the lysosome damage induced by EPEC as it enhanced lysosomal acidification and raised lysosome-associated protein levels, thus promoted autophagosome degradation. Our findings suggest that the amelioration of EPEC-induced cell damages by EPS is associated with the limitation of detrimental apoptosis and the promotion of autophagy flux.Lanxin YuanBingxin ChuShiyan ChenYanan LiNing LiuYaohong ZhuDong ZhouMDPI AGarticle<i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i>exopolysaccharideIPEC-J2autophagyBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2363, p 2363 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> exopolysaccharide IPEC-J2 autophagy Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	<i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> exopolysaccharide IPEC-J2 autophagy Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Lanxin Yuan Bingxin Chu Shiyan Chen Yanan Li Ning Liu Yaohong Zhu Dong Zhou Exopolysaccharides from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> Ameliorate <i>Escherichia coli</i>-Induced IPEC-J2 Cell Damage via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Restoring Autophagy
description	Enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EPEC) is a common zoonotic pathogen that causes acute infectious diarrhea. Probiotics like <i>Bifidobacterium</i> are known to help prevent pathogen infections. The protective effects of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> are closely associated with its secretory products exopolysaccharides (EPS). We explored the effects of the EPS from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> (<i>B. lactis</i>) on ameliorating the damage of an intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) during EPEC infection. Pretreatment with EPS alleviated EPEC-induced apoptosis through the restoration of cell morphology and the downregulation of protein expressions of cleaved-caspase 8, cleaved-caspase 3, and cleaved-PARP. EPS-mediated remission of apoptosis significantly improved cell viability during EPEC infection. EPEC infection also resulted in impaired autophagy, as demonstrated by decreased expressions of autophagy-related proteins Beclin 1, ATG5, and microtubule-binding protein light chain-3B (LC3B) and the increased expression of p62 through western blot analysis. However, EPS reversed these effects which indicated that EPS promoted autophagosome formation. Furthermore, EPS prevented the lysosome damage induced by EPEC as it enhanced lysosomal acidification and raised lysosome-associated protein levels, thus promoted autophagosome degradation. Our findings suggest that the amelioration of EPEC-induced cell damages by EPS is associated with the limitation of detrimental apoptosis and the promotion of autophagy flux.
format	article
author	Lanxin Yuan Bingxin Chu Shiyan Chen Yanan Li Ning Liu Yaohong Zhu Dong Zhou
author_facet	Lanxin Yuan Bingxin Chu Shiyan Chen Yanan Li Ning Liu Yaohong Zhu Dong Zhou
author_sort	Lanxin Yuan
title	Exopolysaccharides from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> Ameliorate <i>Escherichia coli</i>-Induced IPEC-J2 Cell Damage via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Restoring Autophagy
title_short	Exopolysaccharides from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> Ameliorate <i>Escherichia coli</i>-Induced IPEC-J2 Cell Damage via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Restoring Autophagy
title_full	Exopolysaccharides from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> Ameliorate <i>Escherichia coli</i>-Induced IPEC-J2 Cell Damage via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Restoring Autophagy
title_fullStr	Exopolysaccharides from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> Ameliorate <i>Escherichia coli</i>-Induced IPEC-J2 Cell Damage via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Restoring Autophagy
title_full_unstemmed	Exopolysaccharides from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> Ameliorate <i>Escherichia coli</i>-Induced IPEC-J2 Cell Damage via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Restoring Autophagy
title_sort	exopolysaccharides from <i>bifidobacterium animalis</i> ameliorate <i>escherichia coli</i>-induced ipec-j2 cell damage via inhibiting apoptosis and restoring autophagy
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dbeb81d1c808410b8778cfb00cf89ed5
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Exopolysaccharides from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> Ameliorate <i>Escherichia coli</i>-Induced IPEC-J2 Cell Damage via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Restoring Autophagy

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