Sex and Gender Bias in Covid-19 Clinical Case Reports

Clinical case reports circulate relevant information regarding disease presentation and describe treatment protocols, particularly for novel conditions. In the early months of the Covid-19 pandemic, case reports provided key insights into the pathophysiology and sequelae associated with Covid-19 inf...

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Autores principales:	Aysha E. Salter-Volz, Abigail Oyasu, Chen Yeh, Lutfiyya N. Muhammad, Nicole C. Woitowich
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 sex bias gender bias case reports (publication type) bibliometrics Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Women. Feminism HQ1101-2030.7
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dbf6f883311345fc9e757337958e8a72
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dbf6f883311345fc9e757337958e8a722021-11-22T11:31:03ZSex and Gender Bias in Covid-19 Clinical Case Reports2673-505910.3389/fgwh.2021.774033https://doaj.org/article/dbf6f883311345fc9e757337958e8a722021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgwh.2021.774033/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-5059Clinical case reports circulate relevant information regarding disease presentation and describe treatment protocols, particularly for novel conditions. In the early months of the Covid-19 pandemic, case reports provided key insights into the pathophysiology and sequelae associated with Covid-19 infection and described treatment mechanisms and outcomes. However, case reports are often subject to selection bias due to their singular nature. To better understand how selection biases may have influenced Covid-19-releated case reports, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of Covid-19-releated case reports published in high impact journals from January 1 to June 1, 2020. Case reports were coded for patient sex, country of institutional affiliation, physiological system, and first and last author gender. Of 494 total case reports, 45% (n = 221) of patients were male, 30% (n = 146) were female, and 25% (n = 124) included both sexes. Ratios of male-only to female-only case reports varied by physiological system. The majority of case reports had male first (61%, n = 302) and last (70%, n = 340) authors. Case reports with male last authors were more likely to describe male patients [X2 (2, n = 465) = 6.6, p = 0.037], while case reports with female last authors were more likely to include patients of both sexes [OR = 1.918 (95% CI = 1.163–3.16)]. Despite a limited sample size, these data reflect emerging research on sex-differences in the physiological presentation and impact of Covid-19 and parallel large-scale trends in authorship patterns. Ultimately, this work highlights potential biases in the dissemination of clinical information via case reports and underscores the inextricable influences of sex and gender biases within biomedicine.Aysha E. Salter-VolzAbigail OyasuAbigail OyasuChen YehLutfiyya N. MuhammadNicole C. WoitowichFrontiers Media S.A.articleCOVID-19sex biasgender biascase reports (publication type)bibliometricsGynecology and obstetricsRG1-991Women. FeminismHQ1101-2030.7ENFrontiers in Global Women's Health, Vol 2 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 sex bias gender bias case reports (publication type) bibliometrics Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Women. Feminism HQ1101-2030.7
spellingShingle	COVID-19 sex bias gender bias case reports (publication type) bibliometrics Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Women. Feminism HQ1101-2030.7 Aysha E. Salter-Volz Abigail Oyasu Abigail Oyasu Chen Yeh Lutfiyya N. Muhammad Nicole C. Woitowich Sex and Gender Bias in Covid-19 Clinical Case Reports
description	Clinical case reports circulate relevant information regarding disease presentation and describe treatment protocols, particularly for novel conditions. In the early months of the Covid-19 pandemic, case reports provided key insights into the pathophysiology and sequelae associated with Covid-19 infection and described treatment mechanisms and outcomes. However, case reports are often subject to selection bias due to their singular nature. To better understand how selection biases may have influenced Covid-19-releated case reports, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of Covid-19-releated case reports published in high impact journals from January 1 to June 1, 2020. Case reports were coded for patient sex, country of institutional affiliation, physiological system, and first and last author gender. Of 494 total case reports, 45% (n = 221) of patients were male, 30% (n = 146) were female, and 25% (n = 124) included both sexes. Ratios of male-only to female-only case reports varied by physiological system. The majority of case reports had male first (61%, n = 302) and last (70%, n = 340) authors. Case reports with male last authors were more likely to describe male patients [X2 (2, n = 465) = 6.6, p = 0.037], while case reports with female last authors were more likely to include patients of both sexes [OR = 1.918 (95% CI = 1.163–3.16)]. Despite a limited sample size, these data reflect emerging research on sex-differences in the physiological presentation and impact of Covid-19 and parallel large-scale trends in authorship patterns. Ultimately, this work highlights potential biases in the dissemination of clinical information via case reports and underscores the inextricable influences of sex and gender biases within biomedicine.
format	article
author	Aysha E. Salter-Volz Abigail Oyasu Abigail Oyasu Chen Yeh Lutfiyya N. Muhammad Nicole C. Woitowich
author_facet	Aysha E. Salter-Volz Abigail Oyasu Abigail Oyasu Chen Yeh Lutfiyya N. Muhammad Nicole C. Woitowich
author_sort	Aysha E. Salter-Volz
title	Sex and Gender Bias in Covid-19 Clinical Case Reports
title_short	Sex and Gender Bias in Covid-19 Clinical Case Reports
title_full	Sex and Gender Bias in Covid-19 Clinical Case Reports
title_fullStr	Sex and Gender Bias in Covid-19 Clinical Case Reports
title_full_unstemmed	Sex and Gender Bias in Covid-19 Clinical Case Reports
title_sort	sex and gender bias in covid-19 clinical case reports
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dbf6f883311345fc9e757337958e8a72
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Sex and Gender Bias in Covid-19 Clinical Case Reports

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