Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years

Climate warming has enabled the Arctic region to achieve seasonal navigation, and sea ice concentration is an important factor affecting the navigation of the Arctic waterways. This article uses the Arctic sea ice concentration data of the three highest temperatures in 2016, 2019, and 2020, combined...

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Autores principales:	Guochong Liu, Min Ji, Fengxiang Jin, Ying Li, Yawen He, Ting Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Arctic the NEP hot year navigation period sea ice Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dc0132b398894854a40b9513f3b972e4
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:dc0132b398894854a40b9513f3b972e4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dc0132b398894854a40b9513f3b972e42021-11-25T18:03:56ZAnalysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years10.3390/jmse91111772077-1312https://doaj.org/article/dc0132b398894854a40b9513f3b972e42021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/11/1177https://doaj.org/toc/2077-1312Climate warming has enabled the Arctic region to achieve seasonal navigation, and sea ice concentration is an important factor affecting the navigation of the Arctic waterways. This article uses the Arctic sea ice concentration data of the three highest temperatures in 2016, 2019, and 2020, combined with the Arctic summer sea level pressure, wind field, temperature, temperature anomaly, ice age, and sea ice movement data to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of sea ice and connectivity in the Northeast Passage (NEP) of the Arctic in Summer in three hot years, and summarizes the causes of sea ice anomalies. The results show that: (1) the summer Arctic sea ice extent in 2016, 2019 and 2020 were all lower than the multi-year average sea ice extent, and the summer sea ice extent in 2020 had the largest change trend; (2) in October of these three years, the sea ice was all negative anomalies, extending the opening time of the NEP; (3) when the sea ice concentration was 30% as the threshold, the navigation period of the NEP in 2016 was from mid-August to late October, 2019 was from the beginning of August to mid-October, 2020 was from the end of July to the end of October, and 2020 was the longest year since the opening of the NEP; (4) when the sea ice concentration was 10% as the threshold, the navigation period of the NEP in 2016 was from the end of August to the end of October, 2019 was from early August to mid-October, and 2020 was from the beginning of August to the end of October; (5) the key navigable areas of the NEP in the past three years were the central waters of the East Siberian Sea, the New Siberian Islands and the Vilkitsky Strait; (6) the navigation period of the NEP in 2016, 2019 and 2020 was longer. The main reasons were that the temperature of the NEP in the past 3 years was relatively high, the wind was weak, the sea ice movement had little effect, and the sea ice age in the key navigable areas was first year ice, which was easy to melt, which greatly promoted the opening of the NEP.Guochong LiuMin JiFengxiang JinYing LiYawen HeTing LiMDPI AGarticleArcticthe NEPhot yearnavigation periodsea iceNaval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineeringVM1-989OceanographyGC1-1581ENJournal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 9, Iss 1177, p 1177 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic the NEP hot year navigation period sea ice Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581
spellingShingle	Arctic the NEP hot year navigation period sea ice Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 Guochong Liu Min Ji Fengxiang Jin Ying Li Yawen He Ting Li Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years
description	Climate warming has enabled the Arctic region to achieve seasonal navigation, and sea ice concentration is an important factor affecting the navigation of the Arctic waterways. This article uses the Arctic sea ice concentration data of the three highest temperatures in 2016, 2019, and 2020, combined with the Arctic summer sea level pressure, wind field, temperature, temperature anomaly, ice age, and sea ice movement data to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of sea ice and connectivity in the Northeast Passage (NEP) of the Arctic in Summer in three hot years, and summarizes the causes of sea ice anomalies. The results show that: (1) the summer Arctic sea ice extent in 2016, 2019 and 2020 were all lower than the multi-year average sea ice extent, and the summer sea ice extent in 2020 had the largest change trend; (2) in October of these three years, the sea ice was all negative anomalies, extending the opening time of the NEP; (3) when the sea ice concentration was 30% as the threshold, the navigation period of the NEP in 2016 was from mid-August to late October, 2019 was from the beginning of August to mid-October, 2020 was from the end of July to the end of October, and 2020 was the longest year since the opening of the NEP; (4) when the sea ice concentration was 10% as the threshold, the navigation period of the NEP in 2016 was from the end of August to the end of October, 2019 was from early August to mid-October, and 2020 was from the beginning of August to the end of October; (5) the key navigable areas of the NEP in the past three years were the central waters of the East Siberian Sea, the New Siberian Islands and the Vilkitsky Strait; (6) the navigation period of the NEP in 2016, 2019 and 2020 was longer. The main reasons were that the temperature of the NEP in the past 3 years was relatively high, the wind was weak, the sea ice movement had little effect, and the sea ice age in the key navigable areas was first year ice, which was easy to melt, which greatly promoted the opening of the NEP.
format	article
author	Guochong Liu Min Ji Fengxiang Jin Ying Li Yawen He Ting Li
author_facet	Guochong Liu Min Ji Fengxiang Jin Ying Li Yawen He Ting Li
author_sort	Guochong Liu
title	Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years
title_short	Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years
title_full	Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years
title_fullStr	Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years
title_full_unstemmed	Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years
title_sort	analysis of the spatial and temporal variation of sea ice and connectivity in the nep of the arctic in summer in hot years
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dc0132b398894854a40b9513f3b972e4
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Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice and Connectivity in the NEP of the Arctic in Summer in Hot Years

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