Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing

Abstract In this study we report on the relationship between default and extrinsic mode networks across alternating brief periods of rest and active task processing. Three different visual tasks were used in a classic fMRI ON–OFF block design where task (ON) blocks alternated with equal periods of r...

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Autores principales:	Frank Riemer, Renate Grüner, Justyna Beresniewicz, Katarzyna Kazimierczak, Lars Ersland, Kenneth Hugdahl
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dc11b74ea7df48e1b4a368c561c789af
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dc11b74ea7df48e1b4a368c561c789af2021-12-02T12:33:05ZDynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing10.1038/s41598-020-78579-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/dc11b74ea7df48e1b4a368c561c789af2020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78579-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In this study we report on the relationship between default and extrinsic mode networks across alternating brief periods of rest and active task processing. Three different visual tasks were used in a classic fMRI ON–OFF block design where task (ON) blocks alternated with equal periods of rest (OFF) blocks: mental rotation, working memory and mental arithmetic. We showed the existence of a generalized task-positive network, labelled the extrinsic mode network (EMN) that is anti-correlated with the default mode network (DMN) as processing demands shifted from rest to active processing. We then identified two key regions of interest (ROIs) in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) regions as hubs for the extrinsic and intrinsic networks, and extracted the time-course from these ROIs. The results showed a close to perfect anti-correlation for the SMA and Precuneus/PCC time-courses for ON- and OFF-blocks. We suggest the existence of two large-scale networks, an extrinsic mode network and an intrinsic mode network, which are up- and down-regulated as environmental demands change from active to passive processing.Frank RiemerRenate GrünerJustyna BeresniewiczKatarzyna KazimierczakLars ErslandKenneth HugdahlNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Frank Riemer Renate Grüner Justyna Beresniewicz Katarzyna Kazimierczak Lars Ersland Kenneth Hugdahl Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing
description	Abstract In this study we report on the relationship between default and extrinsic mode networks across alternating brief periods of rest and active task processing. Three different visual tasks were used in a classic fMRI ON–OFF block design where task (ON) blocks alternated with equal periods of rest (OFF) blocks: mental rotation, working memory and mental arithmetic. We showed the existence of a generalized task-positive network, labelled the extrinsic mode network (EMN) that is anti-correlated with the default mode network (DMN) as processing demands shifted from rest to active processing. We then identified two key regions of interest (ROIs) in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) regions as hubs for the extrinsic and intrinsic networks, and extracted the time-course from these ROIs. The results showed a close to perfect anti-correlation for the SMA and Precuneus/PCC time-courses for ON- and OFF-blocks. We suggest the existence of two large-scale networks, an extrinsic mode network and an intrinsic mode network, which are up- and down-regulated as environmental demands change from active to passive processing.
format	article
author	Frank Riemer Renate Grüner Justyna Beresniewicz Katarzyna Kazimierczak Lars Ersland Kenneth Hugdahl
author_facet	Frank Riemer Renate Grüner Justyna Beresniewicz Katarzyna Kazimierczak Lars Ersland Kenneth Hugdahl
author_sort	Frank Riemer
title	Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing
title_short	Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing
title_full	Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing
title_fullStr	Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing
title_full_unstemmed	Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing
title_sort	dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/dc11b74ea7df48e1b4a368c561c789af
work_keys_str_mv	AT frankriemer dynamicswitchingbetweenintrinsicandextrinsicmodenetworksasdemandschangefrompassivetoactiveprocessing AT renategruner dynamicswitchingbetweenintrinsicandextrinsicmodenetworksasdemandschangefrompassivetoactiveprocessing AT justynaberesniewicz dynamicswitchingbetweenintrinsicandextrinsicmodenetworksasdemandschangefrompassivetoactiveprocessing AT katarzynakazimierczak dynamicswitchingbetweenintrinsicandextrinsicmodenetworksasdemandschangefrompassivetoactiveprocessing AT larsersland dynamicswitchingbetweenintrinsicandextrinsicmodenetworksasdemandschangefrompassivetoactiveprocessing AT kennethhugdahl dynamicswitchingbetweenintrinsicandextrinsicmodenetworksasdemandschangefrompassivetoactiveprocessing
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Dynamic switching between intrinsic and extrinsic mode networks as demands change from passive to active processing

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