Recent effective population size in Eastern European plain Russians correlates with the key historical events

Abstract Effective population size reflects the history of population growth, contraction, and structuring. When the effect of structuring is negligible, the inferred trajectory of the effective population size can be informative about the key events in the history of a population. We used the IBDNe...

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Autores principales:	Ural Yunusbaev, Arslan Ionusbaev, Giyoun Han, Hyung Wook Kwon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dc5586747a6b4c67b2fcca86acfe0995
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dc5586747a6b4c67b2fcca86acfe09952021-12-02T17:40:46ZRecent effective population size in Eastern European plain Russians correlates with the key historical events10.1038/s41598-020-66734-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/dc5586747a6b4c67b2fcca86acfe09952020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66734-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Effective population size reflects the history of population growth, contraction, and structuring. When the effect of structuring is negligible, the inferred trajectory of the effective population size can be informative about the key events in the history of a population. We used the IBDNe and DoRIS approaches, which exploit the data on IBD sharing between genomes, to reconstruct the recent effective population size in two population datasets of Russians from Eastern European plain: (1) ethnic Russians sampled from the westernmost part of Russia; (2) ethnic Russians, Bashkirs, and Tatars sampled from the Volga-Ural region. In this way, we examined changes in effective population size among ethnic Russians that reside in their historical area at the West of the plain, and that expanded eastward to come into contact with the indigenous peoples at the East of the plain. We compared the inferred demographic trajectories of each ethnic group to written historical data related to demographic events such as migration, war, colonization, famine, establishment, and collapse of empires. According to IBDNe estimations, 200 generations (~6000 years) ago, the effective size of the ancestral populations of Russians, Bashkirs, and Tatars hovered around 3,000, 30,000, and 8,000 respectively. Then, the ethnic Russians exponentially grew with increasing rates for the last 115 generations and become the largest ethnic group of the plain. Russians do not show any drop in effective population size after the key historical conflicts, including the Mongol invasion. The only exception is a moderate drop in the 17th century, which is well known in Russian history as The Smuta. Our analyses suggest a more eventful recent population history for the two small ethnic groups that came into contact with ethnic Russians in the Volga-Ural region. We found that the effective population size of Bashkirs and Tatars started to decrease during the time of the Mongol invasion. Interestingly, there is an even stronger drop in the effective population size that coincides with the expansion of Russians to the East. Thus, 15–20 generations ago, i.e. in the 16–18th centuries in the trajectories of Bashkirs and Tatars, we observe the bottlenecks of four and twenty thousand, respectively. Our results on the recent effective population size correlate with the key events in the history of populations of the Eastern European plain and have importance for designing biomedical studies in the region.Ural YunusbaevArslan IonusbaevGiyoun HanHyung Wook KwonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ural Yunusbaev Arslan Ionusbaev Giyoun Han Hyung Wook Kwon Recent effective population size in Eastern European plain Russians correlates with the key historical events
description	Abstract Effective population size reflects the history of population growth, contraction, and structuring. When the effect of structuring is negligible, the inferred trajectory of the effective population size can be informative about the key events in the history of a population. We used the IBDNe and DoRIS approaches, which exploit the data on IBD sharing between genomes, to reconstruct the recent effective population size in two population datasets of Russians from Eastern European plain: (1) ethnic Russians sampled from the westernmost part of Russia; (2) ethnic Russians, Bashkirs, and Tatars sampled from the Volga-Ural region. In this way, we examined changes in effective population size among ethnic Russians that reside in their historical area at the West of the plain, and that expanded eastward to come into contact with the indigenous peoples at the East of the plain. We compared the inferred demographic trajectories of each ethnic group to written historical data related to demographic events such as migration, war, colonization, famine, establishment, and collapse of empires. According to IBDNe estimations, 200 generations (~6000 years) ago, the effective size of the ancestral populations of Russians, Bashkirs, and Tatars hovered around 3,000, 30,000, and 8,000 respectively. Then, the ethnic Russians exponentially grew with increasing rates for the last 115 generations and become the largest ethnic group of the plain. Russians do not show any drop in effective population size after the key historical conflicts, including the Mongol invasion. The only exception is a moderate drop in the 17th century, which is well known in Russian history as The Smuta. Our analyses suggest a more eventful recent population history for the two small ethnic groups that came into contact with ethnic Russians in the Volga-Ural region. We found that the effective population size of Bashkirs and Tatars started to decrease during the time of the Mongol invasion. Interestingly, there is an even stronger drop in the effective population size that coincides with the expansion of Russians to the East. Thus, 15–20 generations ago, i.e. in the 16–18th centuries in the trajectories of Bashkirs and Tatars, we observe the bottlenecks of four and twenty thousand, respectively. Our results on the recent effective population size correlate with the key events in the history of populations of the Eastern European plain and have importance for designing biomedical studies in the region.
format	article
author	Ural Yunusbaev Arslan Ionusbaev Giyoun Han Hyung Wook Kwon
author_facet	Ural Yunusbaev Arslan Ionusbaev Giyoun Han Hyung Wook Kwon
author_sort	Ural Yunusbaev
title	Recent effective population size in Eastern European plain Russians correlates with the key historical events
title_short	Recent effective population size in Eastern European plain Russians correlates with the key historical events
title_full	Recent effective population size in Eastern European plain Russians correlates with the key historical events
title_fullStr	Recent effective population size in Eastern European plain Russians correlates with the key historical events
title_full_unstemmed	Recent effective population size in Eastern European plain Russians correlates with the key historical events
title_sort	recent effective population size in eastern european plain russians correlates with the key historical events
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/dc5586747a6b4c67b2fcca86acfe0995
work_keys_str_mv	AT uralyunusbaev recenteffectivepopulationsizeineasterneuropeanplainrussianscorrelateswiththekeyhistoricalevents AT arslanionusbaev recenteffectivepopulationsizeineasterneuropeanplainrussianscorrelateswiththekeyhistoricalevents AT giyounhan recenteffectivepopulationsizeineasterneuropeanplainrussianscorrelateswiththekeyhistoricalevents AT hyungwookkwon recenteffectivepopulationsizeineasterneuropeanplainrussianscorrelateswiththekeyhistoricalevents
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Recent effective population size in Eastern European plain Russians correlates with the key historical events

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