A novel system for intensive Diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement

Abstract The long-spined sea urchin Diadema antillarum was once an abundant reef grazing herbivore throughout the Caribbean. During the early 1980s, D. antillarum populations were reduced by > 93% due to an undescribed disease. This event resulted in a lack of functional reef herbivory and contri...

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Autores principales:	Aaron R. Pilnick, Keri L. O’Neil, Martin Moe, Joshua T. Patterson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dc6281b081b748e19aebaf9e9577406e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dc6281b081b748e19aebaf9e9577406e2021-12-02T14:49:11ZA novel system for intensive Diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement10.1038/s41598-021-90564-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/dc6281b081b748e19aebaf9e9577406e2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90564-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The long-spined sea urchin Diadema antillarum was once an abundant reef grazing herbivore throughout the Caribbean. During the early 1980s, D. antillarum populations were reduced by > 93% due to an undescribed disease. This event resulted in a lack of functional reef herbivory and contributed to ongoing ecological shifts from hard coral towards macroalgae dominated reefs. Limited natural recovery has increased interest in a range of strategies for augmenting herbivory. An area of focus has been developing scalable ex situ methods for rearing D. antillarum from gametes. The ultimate use of such a tool would be exploring hatchery origin restocking strategies. Intensive ex situ aquaculture is a potentially viable, yet difficult, method for producing D. antillarum at scales necessary to facilitate restocking. Here we describe a purpose-built, novel recirculating aquaculture system and the broodstock management and larval culture process that has produced multiple D. antillarum cohorts, and which has the potential for practical application in a dedicated hatchery setting. Adult animals held in captivity can be induced to spawn year-round, with some evidence for annual and lunar periodicity. Fecundity and fertilization rates are both consistently very high, yet challenges persist in both late stage larval development and early post-settlement survival. Initial success was realized with production of 100 juvenile D. antillarum from ~ 1200 competent larvae. While the system we describe requires a significant level of investment and technical expertise, this work advances D. antillarum culture efforts in potential future hatchery settings and improves the viability of scalable ex situ production for population enhancement.Aaron R. PilnickKeri L. O’NeilMartin MoeJoshua T. PattersonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Aaron R. Pilnick Keri L. O’Neil Martin Moe Joshua T. Patterson A novel system for intensive Diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement
description	Abstract The long-spined sea urchin Diadema antillarum was once an abundant reef grazing herbivore throughout the Caribbean. During the early 1980s, D. antillarum populations were reduced by > 93% due to an undescribed disease. This event resulted in a lack of functional reef herbivory and contributed to ongoing ecological shifts from hard coral towards macroalgae dominated reefs. Limited natural recovery has increased interest in a range of strategies for augmenting herbivory. An area of focus has been developing scalable ex situ methods for rearing D. antillarum from gametes. The ultimate use of such a tool would be exploring hatchery origin restocking strategies. Intensive ex situ aquaculture is a potentially viable, yet difficult, method for producing D. antillarum at scales necessary to facilitate restocking. Here we describe a purpose-built, novel recirculating aquaculture system and the broodstock management and larval culture process that has produced multiple D. antillarum cohorts, and which has the potential for practical application in a dedicated hatchery setting. Adult animals held in captivity can be induced to spawn year-round, with some evidence for annual and lunar periodicity. Fecundity and fertilization rates are both consistently very high, yet challenges persist in both late stage larval development and early post-settlement survival. Initial success was realized with production of 100 juvenile D. antillarum from ~ 1200 competent larvae. While the system we describe requires a significant level of investment and technical expertise, this work advances D. antillarum culture efforts in potential future hatchery settings and improves the viability of scalable ex situ production for population enhancement.
format	article
author	Aaron R. Pilnick Keri L. O’Neil Martin Moe Joshua T. Patterson
author_facet	Aaron R. Pilnick Keri L. O’Neil Martin Moe Joshua T. Patterson
author_sort	Aaron R. Pilnick
title	A novel system for intensive Diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement
title_short	A novel system for intensive Diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement
title_full	A novel system for intensive Diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement
title_fullStr	A novel system for intensive Diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement
title_full_unstemmed	A novel system for intensive Diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement
title_sort	novel system for intensive diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dc6281b081b748e19aebaf9e9577406e
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A novel system for intensive Diadema antillarum propagation as a step towards population enhancement

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