Detecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study

Abstract Background Intra-articular blood causes irreversible joint damage, whilst clinical differentiation between haemorrhagic joint effusion and other effusions can be challenging. An accurate non-invasive method for the detection of joint bleeds is lacking. The aims of this phantom study were to...

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Autores principales:	Flora H. P. van Leeuwen, Beatrice Lena, Jaco J. M. Zwanenburg, Lize F. D. van Vulpen, Lambertus W. Bartels, Kathelijn Fischer, Frank J. Nap, Pim A. de Jong, Clemens Bos, Wouter Foppen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	Haemarthrosis Image interpretation (computer-assisted) Magnetic resonance imaging Phantoms (imaging) Synovial fluid Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine R895-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dc6fb92b03db4cb686e4a8d31dd98b5c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dc6fb92b03db4cb686e4a8d31dd98b5c2021-12-05T12:10:49ZDetecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study10.1186/s41747-021-00251-z2509-9280https://doaj.org/article/dc6fb92b03db4cb686e4a8d31dd98b5c2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s41747-021-00251-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2509-9280Abstract Background Intra-articular blood causes irreversible joint damage, whilst clinical differentiation between haemorrhagic joint effusion and other effusions can be challenging. An accurate non-invasive method for the detection of joint bleeds is lacking. The aims of this phantom study were to investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1 and T2 mapping allows for differentiation between simple and haemorrhagic joint effusion and to determine the lowest blood concentration that can be detected. Methods Solutions of synovial fluid with blood concentrations ranging from 0 to 100% were scanned at 1.5, 3, and 7 T. T1 maps were generated with an inversion recovery technique and T2 maps from multi spin-echo sequences. In both cases, the scan acquisition times were below 5 min. Regions of interest were manually drawn by two observers in the obtained T1 and T2 maps for each sample. The lowest detectable blood concentration was determined for all field strengths. Results At all field strengths, T1 and T2 relaxation times decreased with higher blood concentrations. The lowest detectable blood concentrations using T1 mapping were 10% at 1.5 T, 25% at 3 T, and 50% at 7 T. For T2 mapping, the detection limits were 50%, 5%, and 25%, respectively. Conclusions T1 and T2 mapping can detect different blood concentrations in synovial fluid in vitro at clinical field strengths. Especially, T2 measurements at 3 T showed to be highly sensitive. Short acquisition times would make these methods suitable for clinical use and therefore might be promising tools for accurate discrimination between simple and haemorrhagic joint effusion in vivo.Flora H. P. van LeeuwenBeatrice LenaJaco J. M. ZwanenburgLize F. D. van VulpenLambertus W. BartelsKathelijn FischerFrank J. NapPim A. de JongClemens BosWouter FoppenSpringerOpenarticleHaemarthrosisImage interpretation (computer-assisted)Magnetic resonance imagingPhantoms (imaging)Synovial fluidMedical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicineR895-920ENEuropean Radiology Experimental, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Haemarthrosis Image interpretation (computer-assisted) Magnetic resonance imaging Phantoms (imaging) Synovial fluid Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine R895-920
spellingShingle	Haemarthrosis Image interpretation (computer-assisted) Magnetic resonance imaging Phantoms (imaging) Synovial fluid Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine R895-920 Flora H. P. van Leeuwen Beatrice Lena Jaco J. M. Zwanenburg Lize F. D. van Vulpen Lambertus W. Bartels Kathelijn Fischer Frank J. Nap Pim A. de Jong Clemens Bos Wouter Foppen Detecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study
description	Abstract Background Intra-articular blood causes irreversible joint damage, whilst clinical differentiation between haemorrhagic joint effusion and other effusions can be challenging. An accurate non-invasive method for the detection of joint bleeds is lacking. The aims of this phantom study were to investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1 and T2 mapping allows for differentiation between simple and haemorrhagic joint effusion and to determine the lowest blood concentration that can be detected. Methods Solutions of synovial fluid with blood concentrations ranging from 0 to 100% were scanned at 1.5, 3, and 7 T. T1 maps were generated with an inversion recovery technique and T2 maps from multi spin-echo sequences. In both cases, the scan acquisition times were below 5 min. Regions of interest were manually drawn by two observers in the obtained T1 and T2 maps for each sample. The lowest detectable blood concentration was determined for all field strengths. Results At all field strengths, T1 and T2 relaxation times decreased with higher blood concentrations. The lowest detectable blood concentrations using T1 mapping were 10% at 1.5 T, 25% at 3 T, and 50% at 7 T. For T2 mapping, the detection limits were 50%, 5%, and 25%, respectively. Conclusions T1 and T2 mapping can detect different blood concentrations in synovial fluid in vitro at clinical field strengths. Especially, T2 measurements at 3 T showed to be highly sensitive. Short acquisition times would make these methods suitable for clinical use and therefore might be promising tools for accurate discrimination between simple and haemorrhagic joint effusion in vivo.
format	article
author	Flora H. P. van Leeuwen Beatrice Lena Jaco J. M. Zwanenburg Lize F. D. van Vulpen Lambertus W. Bartels Kathelijn Fischer Frank J. Nap Pim A. de Jong Clemens Bos Wouter Foppen
author_facet	Flora H. P. van Leeuwen Beatrice Lena Jaco J. M. Zwanenburg Lize F. D. van Vulpen Lambertus W. Bartels Kathelijn Fischer Frank J. Nap Pim A. de Jong Clemens Bos Wouter Foppen
author_sort	Flora H. P. van Leeuwen
title	Detecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study
title_short	Detecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study
title_full	Detecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study
title_fullStr	Detecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study
title_full_unstemmed	Detecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study
title_sort	detecting low blood concentrations in joints using t1 and t2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 t: an in vitro study
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dc6fb92b03db4cb686e4a8d31dd98b5c
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Detecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study

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