Strong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols

Abstract Aerosols can enhance terrestrial productivity through increased absorption of solar radiation by the shaded portion of the plant canopy—the diffuse radiation fertilization effect. Although this process can, in principle, alter surface evaporation due to the coupling between plant water loss...

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Autores principales:	TC Chakraborty, Xuhui Lee, David M. Lawrence
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2021
Materias:	aerosols atmosphere‐biosphere interactions diffuse radiation fertilization effect earth system modeling evapotranspiration global land model Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dc732ab3ee094191859c056567848eb2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dc732ab3ee094191859c056567848eb22021-11-24T08:11:41ZStrong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols1942-246610.1029/2021MS002491https://doaj.org/article/dc732ab3ee094191859c056567848eb22021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002491https://doaj.org/toc/1942-2466Abstract Aerosols can enhance terrestrial productivity through increased absorption of solar radiation by the shaded portion of the plant canopy—the diffuse radiation fertilization effect. Although this process can, in principle, alter surface evaporation due to the coupling between plant water loss and carbon uptake, with the potential to change the surface temperature, aerosol‐climate interactions have been traditionally viewed in light of the radiative effects within the atmosphere. Here, we develop a modeling framework that combines global atmosphere and land model simulations with a conceptual diagnostic tool to investigate these interactions from a surface energy budget perspective. Aerosols increase the terrestrial evaporative fraction, or the portion of net incoming energy consumed by evaporation, by over 4% globally and as much as ∼40% regionally. The main mechanism for this is the increase in energy allocation from sensible to latent heat due to global dimming (reduction in global shortwave radiation) and slightly augmented by diffuse radiation fertilization. In regions with moderately dense vegetation (leaf area index >2), the local surface cooling response to aerosols is dominated by this evaporative pathway, not the reduction in incident radiation. Diffuse radiation fertilization alone has a stronger impact on gross primary productivity (+2.18 Pg C y−1 or +1.8%) than on land evaporation (+0.18 W m−2 or +0.48%) and surface temperature (−0.01 K). Our results suggest that it is important for land surface models to distinguish between quantity (change in total magnitude) and quality (change in diffuse fraction) of radiative forcing for properly simulating surface climate.TC ChakrabortyXuhui LeeDavid M. LawrenceAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)articleaerosolsatmosphere‐biosphere interactionsdiffuse radiation fertilization effectearth system modelingevapotranspirationglobal land modelPhysical geographyGB3-5030OceanographyGC1-1581ENJournal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol 13, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	aerosols atmosphere‐biosphere interactions diffuse radiation fertilization effect earth system modeling evapotranspiration global land model Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581
spellingShingle	aerosols atmosphere‐biosphere interactions diffuse radiation fertilization effect earth system modeling evapotranspiration global land model Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581 TC Chakraborty Xuhui Lee David M. Lawrence Strong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols
description	Abstract Aerosols can enhance terrestrial productivity through increased absorption of solar radiation by the shaded portion of the plant canopy—the diffuse radiation fertilization effect. Although this process can, in principle, alter surface evaporation due to the coupling between plant water loss and carbon uptake, with the potential to change the surface temperature, aerosol‐climate interactions have been traditionally viewed in light of the radiative effects within the atmosphere. Here, we develop a modeling framework that combines global atmosphere and land model simulations with a conceptual diagnostic tool to investigate these interactions from a surface energy budget perspective. Aerosols increase the terrestrial evaporative fraction, or the portion of net incoming energy consumed by evaporation, by over 4% globally and as much as ∼40% regionally. The main mechanism for this is the increase in energy allocation from sensible to latent heat due to global dimming (reduction in global shortwave radiation) and slightly augmented by diffuse radiation fertilization. In regions with moderately dense vegetation (leaf area index >2), the local surface cooling response to aerosols is dominated by this evaporative pathway, not the reduction in incident radiation. Diffuse radiation fertilization alone has a stronger impact on gross primary productivity (+2.18 Pg C y−1 or +1.8%) than on land evaporation (+0.18 W m−2 or +0.48%) and surface temperature (−0.01 K). Our results suggest that it is important for land surface models to distinguish between quantity (change in total magnitude) and quality (change in diffuse fraction) of radiative forcing for properly simulating surface climate.
format	article
author	TC Chakraborty Xuhui Lee David M. Lawrence
author_facet	TC Chakraborty Xuhui Lee David M. Lawrence
author_sort	TC Chakraborty
title	Strong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols
title_short	Strong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols
title_full	Strong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols
title_fullStr	Strong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols
title_full_unstemmed	Strong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols
title_sort	strong local evaporative cooling over land due to atmospheric aerosols
publisher	American Geophysical Union (AGU)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dc732ab3ee094191859c056567848eb2
work_keys_str_mv	AT tcchakraborty stronglocalevaporativecoolingoverlandduetoatmosphericaerosols AT xuhuilee stronglocalevaporativecoolingoverlandduetoatmosphericaerosols AT davidmlawrence stronglocalevaporativecoolingoverlandduetoatmosphericaerosols
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Strong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols

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