Duvalier Regime in Haiti and Immigrant Health in the United States

Background: Haitians immigrate to the United States for many reasons, including the opportunity to escape political violence. The extant literature on Haitian immigrant health focuses on post-migration, rather than pre-migration, environments and experiences. Objective: In this study, we analyze hea...

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Autores principales:	Jeremy C. Green, Amanda Schoening, Michael G. Vaughn
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Ubiquity Press 2018
Materias:	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dc9dd9b2862c4a95976bb1daf5ee3a5c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dc9dd9b2862c4a95976bb1daf5ee3a5c2021-12-02T02:59:06ZDuvalier Regime in Haiti and Immigrant Health in the United States2214-999610.29024/aogh.2366https://doaj.org/article/dc9dd9b2862c4a95976bb1daf5ee3a5c2018-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/2366https://doaj.org/toc/2214-9996Background: Haitians immigrate to the United States for many reasons, including the opportunity to escape political violence. The extant literature on Haitian immigrant health focuses on post-migration, rather than pre-migration, environments and experiences. Objective: In this study, we analyze health outcomes data from a nationally representative sample of Haitian immigrants in the United States from 1996 to 2015. We estimate age-adjusted associations between pre-migration residence in Haiti during the repressive regimes and generalized terror of Francois and Jean-Claude Duvalier, who ran Haiti from 1957 to 1986. Methods: We used ordered probit regression models to quantify age-adjusted associations between the duration of pre-migration residence in Haiti during the Duvalier regime, and the distribution of post-migration health status among Haitian immigrants in the United States. Findings: Our study sample included 2,438 males and 2,800 females ages 15 and above. The mean age of males was 43.5 (standard deviation, 15.5) and the mean age of females was 44.7 (standard deviation, 16.6). Each additional decade of pre-migration residence in Haiti during the Duvalier regime is associated with a 2.9 percentage point decrease (95% confidence interval 0.6 to 5.3) in excellent post-migration health for males, and a 2.8 percentage point decrease (95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 4.8) for females. Within the subsample of Haitian immigrants with any pre-migration residence in Haiti during the Duvalier regime, each additional decade since the regime is associated with a 3.3 percentage point increase (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.5) in excellent post-migration health for males, and a 2.3 percentage point increase (95% confidence interval, 0.5 to 4.1) for females. Conclusions: Overall, we found statistically significant and negative associations between the Duvalier regime and the post-migration distribution of health status 10 to 57 years later. We found statistically significant and positive associations between the length of time since the Duvalier regime and post-migration health.Jeremy C. GreenAmanda SchoeningMichael G. VaughnUbiquity PressarticleInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnnals of Global Health, Vol 84, Iss 4 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Jeremy C. Green Amanda Schoening Michael G. Vaughn Duvalier Regime in Haiti and Immigrant Health in the United States
description	Background: Haitians immigrate to the United States for many reasons, including the opportunity to escape political violence. The extant literature on Haitian immigrant health focuses on post-migration, rather than pre-migration, environments and experiences. Objective: In this study, we analyze health outcomes data from a nationally representative sample of Haitian immigrants in the United States from 1996 to 2015. We estimate age-adjusted associations between pre-migration residence in Haiti during the repressive regimes and generalized terror of Francois and Jean-Claude Duvalier, who ran Haiti from 1957 to 1986. Methods: We used ordered probit regression models to quantify age-adjusted associations between the duration of pre-migration residence in Haiti during the Duvalier regime, and the distribution of post-migration health status among Haitian immigrants in the United States. Findings: Our study sample included 2,438 males and 2,800 females ages 15 and above. The mean age of males was 43.5 (standard deviation, 15.5) and the mean age of females was 44.7 (standard deviation, 16.6). Each additional decade of pre-migration residence in Haiti during the Duvalier regime is associated with a 2.9 percentage point decrease (95% confidence interval 0.6 to 5.3) in excellent post-migration health for males, and a 2.8 percentage point decrease (95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 4.8) for females. Within the subsample of Haitian immigrants with any pre-migration residence in Haiti during the Duvalier regime, each additional decade since the regime is associated with a 3.3 percentage point increase (95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 5.5) in excellent post-migration health for males, and a 2.3 percentage point increase (95% confidence interval, 0.5 to 4.1) for females. Conclusions: Overall, we found statistically significant and negative associations between the Duvalier regime and the post-migration distribution of health status 10 to 57 years later. We found statistically significant and positive associations between the length of time since the Duvalier regime and post-migration health.
format	article
author	Jeremy C. Green Amanda Schoening Michael G. Vaughn
author_facet	Jeremy C. Green Amanda Schoening Michael G. Vaughn
author_sort	Jeremy C. Green
title	Duvalier Regime in Haiti and Immigrant Health in the United States
title_short	Duvalier Regime in Haiti and Immigrant Health in the United States
title_full	Duvalier Regime in Haiti and Immigrant Health in the United States
title_fullStr	Duvalier Regime in Haiti and Immigrant Health in the United States
title_full_unstemmed	Duvalier Regime in Haiti and Immigrant Health in the United States
title_sort	duvalier regime in haiti and immigrant health in the united states
publisher	Ubiquity Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/dc9dd9b2862c4a95976bb1daf5ee3a5c
work_keys_str_mv	AT jeremycgreen duvalierregimeinhaitiandimmigranthealthintheunitedstates AT amandaschoening duvalierregimeinhaitiandimmigranthealthintheunitedstates AT michaelgvaughn duvalierregimeinhaitiandimmigranthealthintheunitedstates
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Duvalier Regime in Haiti and Immigrant Health in the United States

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