Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System

Near infrared (NIR) light offers high transparency in biological tissue. Recent advances in NIR fluorophores including organic dyes and lanthanide-doped inorganic nanoparticles have realized the effective use of the NIR optical window for in vivo bioimaging and photodynamic therapy. The narrow energ...

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Autores principales:	Kyohei Okubo, Masakazu Umezawa, Kohei Soga
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	near infrared light fluorescence bioimaging nanoparticles hybrid nanostructure polarity Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dcb8baa399894d018e1aa8a10f7be49c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dcb8baa399894d018e1aa8a10f7be49c2021-11-25T16:49:16ZNear Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System10.3390/biomedicines91115832227-9059https://doaj.org/article/dcb8baa399894d018e1aa8a10f7be49c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/11/1583https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9059Near infrared (NIR) light offers high transparency in biological tissue. Recent advances in NIR fluorophores including organic dyes and lanthanide-doped inorganic nanoparticles have realized the effective use of the NIR optical window for in vivo bioimaging and photodynamic therapy. The narrow energy level intervals used for electronic transition that involves NIR light, however, give rise to a need for guidelines for reducing heat emission in luminescence systems, especially in the development of organic/inorganic hybrid structures. This review presents an approach for employing the polarity and vibrational energy of ions and molecules that surround the luminescence centers for the development of such hybrid nanostructures. Multiphonon relaxation theory, formulated for dealing with heat release in ionic solids, is applied to describe the vibrational energy in organic or molecular systems, referred to as phonon in this review, and we conclude that surrounding the luminescence centers either with ions with low vibrational energy or molecules with small chemical polarity is the key to bright luminescence. NIR photoexcited phosphors and nanostructures in organic/inorganic mixed systems, designed based on the guidelines, for photodynamic therapy are reviewed.Kyohei OkuboMasakazu UmezawaKohei SogaMDPI AGarticlenear infrared lightfluorescencebioimagingnanoparticleshybrid nanostructurepolarityBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiomedicines, Vol 9, Iss 1583, p 1583 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	near infrared light fluorescence bioimaging nanoparticles hybrid nanostructure polarity Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	near infrared light fluorescence bioimaging nanoparticles hybrid nanostructure polarity Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Kyohei Okubo Masakazu Umezawa Kohei Soga Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System
description	Near infrared (NIR) light offers high transparency in biological tissue. Recent advances in NIR fluorophores including organic dyes and lanthanide-doped inorganic nanoparticles have realized the effective use of the NIR optical window for in vivo bioimaging and photodynamic therapy. The narrow energy level intervals used for electronic transition that involves NIR light, however, give rise to a need for guidelines for reducing heat emission in luminescence systems, especially in the development of organic/inorganic hybrid structures. This review presents an approach for employing the polarity and vibrational energy of ions and molecules that surround the luminescence centers for the development of such hybrid nanostructures. Multiphonon relaxation theory, formulated for dealing with heat release in ionic solids, is applied to describe the vibrational energy in organic or molecular systems, referred to as phonon in this review, and we conclude that surrounding the luminescence centers either with ions with low vibrational energy or molecules with small chemical polarity is the key to bright luminescence. NIR photoexcited phosphors and nanostructures in organic/inorganic mixed systems, designed based on the guidelines, for photodynamic therapy are reviewed.
format	article
author	Kyohei Okubo Masakazu Umezawa Kohei Soga
author_facet	Kyohei Okubo Masakazu Umezawa Kohei Soga
author_sort	Kyohei Okubo
title	Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System
title_short	Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System
title_full	Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System
title_fullStr	Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System
title_full_unstemmed	Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System
title_sort	near infrared fluorescent nanostructure design for organic/inorganic hybrid system
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dcb8baa399894d018e1aa8a10f7be49c
work_keys_str_mv	AT kyoheiokubo nearinfraredfluorescentnanostructuredesignfororganicinorganichybridsystem AT masakazuumezawa nearinfraredfluorescentnanostructuredesignfororganicinorganichybridsystem AT koheisoga nearinfraredfluorescentnanostructuredesignfororganicinorganichybridsystem
_version_	1718412929096744960

Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System

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