Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing

Delayed fracture healing and fracture non-unions impose an enormous burden on individuals and society. Successful healing requires tight communication between immune cells and bone cells. Macrophages can be found in all healing phases. Due to their high plasticity and long life span, they represent...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Yangmengfan Chen, Maximilian M. Menger, Benedikt J. Braun, Sara Schweizer, Caren Linnemann, Karsten Falldorf, Michael Ronniger, Hongbo Wang, Tina Histing, Andreas K. Nussler, Sabrina Ehnert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs) macrophages mesenchymal stem/stromal cells extracellular matrix fracture healing Technology T Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dcd8e185d0fb492ab3aaa5b14478927b
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:dcd8e185d0fb492ab3aaa5b14478927b
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dcd8e185d0fb492ab3aaa5b14478927b2021-11-25T16:46:30ZModulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing10.3390/bioengineering81101672306-5354https://doaj.org/article/dcd8e185d0fb492ab3aaa5b14478927b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/8/11/167https://doaj.org/toc/2306-5354Delayed fracture healing and fracture non-unions impose an enormous burden on individuals and society. Successful healing requires tight communication between immune cells and bone cells. Macrophages can be found in all healing phases. Due to their high plasticity and long life span, they represent good target cells for modulation. In the past, extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnet fields (ELF-PEMFs) have been shown to exert cell-specific effects depending on the field conditions. Thus, the aim was to identify the specific ELF-PEMFs able to modulate macrophage activity to indirectly promote mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (SCP-1 cells) function. After a blinded screening of 22 different ELF-PEMF, two fields (termed A and B) were further characterized as they diversely affected macrophage function. These two fields have similar fundamental frequencies (51.8 Hz and 52.3 Hz) but are emitted in different groups of pulses or rather send–pause intervals. Macrophages exposed to field A showed a pro-inflammatory function, represented by increased levels of phospho-Stat1 and CD86, the accumulation of ROS, and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, macrophages exposed to field B showed anti-inflammatory and pro-healing functions, represented by increased levels of Arginase I, increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and growth factors are known to induce healing processes. The conditioned medium from macrophages exposed to both ELF-PEMFs favored the migration of SCP-1 cells, but the effect was stronger for field B. Furthermore, the conditioned medium from macrophages exposed to field B, but not to field A, stimulated the expression of extracellular matrix genes in SCP-1 cells, i.e., <i>COL1A1</i>, <i>FN1</i>, and <i>BGN</i>. In summary, our data show that specific ELF-PEMFs may affect immune cell function. Thus, knowing the specific ELF-PEMFs conditions and the underlying mechanisms bears great potential as an adjuvant treatment to modulate immune responses during pathologies, e.g., fracture healing.Yangmengfan ChenMaximilian M. MengerBenedikt J. BraunSara SchweizerCaren LinnemannKarsten FalldorfMichael RonnigerHongbo WangTina HistingAndreas K. NusslerSabrina EhnertMDPI AGarticleextremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs)macrophagesmesenchymal stem/stromal cellsextracellular matrixfracture healingTechnologyTBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBioengineering, Vol 8, Iss 167, p 167 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs) macrophages mesenchymal stem/stromal cells extracellular matrix fracture healing Technology T Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs) macrophages mesenchymal stem/stromal cells extracellular matrix fracture healing Technology T Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Yangmengfan Chen Maximilian M. Menger Benedikt J. Braun Sara Schweizer Caren Linnemann Karsten Falldorf Michael Ronniger Hongbo Wang Tina Histing Andreas K. Nussler Sabrina Ehnert Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing
description	Delayed fracture healing and fracture non-unions impose an enormous burden on individuals and society. Successful healing requires tight communication between immune cells and bone cells. Macrophages can be found in all healing phases. Due to their high plasticity and long life span, they represent good target cells for modulation. In the past, extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnet fields (ELF-PEMFs) have been shown to exert cell-specific effects depending on the field conditions. Thus, the aim was to identify the specific ELF-PEMFs able to modulate macrophage activity to indirectly promote mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (SCP-1 cells) function. After a blinded screening of 22 different ELF-PEMF, two fields (termed A and B) were further characterized as they diversely affected macrophage function. These two fields have similar fundamental frequencies (51.8 Hz and 52.3 Hz) but are emitted in different groups of pulses or rather send–pause intervals. Macrophages exposed to field A showed a pro-inflammatory function, represented by increased levels of phospho-Stat1 and CD86, the accumulation of ROS, and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, macrophages exposed to field B showed anti-inflammatory and pro-healing functions, represented by increased levels of Arginase I, increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and growth factors are known to induce healing processes. The conditioned medium from macrophages exposed to both ELF-PEMFs favored the migration of SCP-1 cells, but the effect was stronger for field B. Furthermore, the conditioned medium from macrophages exposed to field B, but not to field A, stimulated the expression of extracellular matrix genes in SCP-1 cells, i.e., <i>COL1A1</i>, <i>FN1</i>, and <i>BGN</i>. In summary, our data show that specific ELF-PEMFs may affect immune cell function. Thus, knowing the specific ELF-PEMFs conditions and the underlying mechanisms bears great potential as an adjuvant treatment to modulate immune responses during pathologies, e.g., fracture healing.
format	article
author	Yangmengfan Chen Maximilian M. Menger Benedikt J. Braun Sara Schweizer Caren Linnemann Karsten Falldorf Michael Ronniger Hongbo Wang Tina Histing Andreas K. Nussler Sabrina Ehnert
author_facet	Yangmengfan Chen Maximilian M. Menger Benedikt J. Braun Sara Schweizer Caren Linnemann Karsten Falldorf Michael Ronniger Hongbo Wang Tina Histing Andreas K. Nussler Sabrina Ehnert
author_sort	Yangmengfan Chen
title	Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing
title_short	Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing
title_full	Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing
title_fullStr	Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing
title_full_unstemmed	Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing
title_sort	modulation of macrophage activity by pulsed electromagnetic fields in the context of fracture healing
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dcd8e185d0fb492ab3aaa5b14478927b
work_keys_str_mv	AT yangmengfanchen modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT maximilianmmenger modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT benediktjbraun modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT saraschweizer modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT carenlinnemann modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT karstenfalldorf modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT michaelronniger modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT hongbowang modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT tinahisting modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT andreasknussler modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing AT sabrinaehnert modulationofmacrophageactivitybypulsedelectromagneticfieldsinthecontextoffracturehealing
_version_	1718412987125989376

Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing

Ejemplares similares