In vitro Fermentation Profile and Methane Production of Kikuyu Grass Harvested at Different Sward Heights

Highly digestible forages are associated with an in vitro low-methane (CH4) rumen fermentation profile and thus the possibility of reducing CH4 emissions from forage-based systems. We aimed to assess the in vitro ruminal fermentation profile, including CH4 production, of the top stratum of Kikuyu gr...

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Autores principales:	Alejandra Marín, Jérôme Bindelle, Ángel S. Zubieta, Guillermo Correa, Jacobo Arango, Ngonidzashe Chirinda, Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	methane mitigation strategy methanogenic potential sward structure tropical grass forage nutritive value grazing management Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Food processing and manufacture TP368-456
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dce6389023984b4b99e00c55c9b76345
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dce6389023984b4b99e00c55c9b763452021-12-01T23:14:46ZIn vitro Fermentation Profile and Methane Production of Kikuyu Grass Harvested at Different Sward Heights2571-581X10.3389/fsufs.2021.682653https://doaj.org/article/dce6389023984b4b99e00c55c9b763452021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2021.682653/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2571-581XHighly digestible forages are associated with an in vitro low-methane (CH4) rumen fermentation profile and thus the possibility of reducing CH4 emissions from forage-based systems. We aimed to assess the in vitro ruminal fermentation profile, including CH4 production, of the top stratum of Kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus - Hochst. ex Chiov) harvested at different sward heights (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm). Herbage samples (incubating substrate) were analyzed for their chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and morphological components. In vitro incubations were performed under a randomized complete block design with four independent runs of each treatment. Gas production (GP), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), CH4 production, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, and their acetate, propionate, and butyrate proportions were measured following 24 and 48 h of incubation. Herbage samples had similar contents of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, and crude protein for all treatments. However, a higher acid detergent fiber (ADF) content in taller sward heights than in smaller sward heights and a tendency for metabolizable energy (ME) and IVOMD to decrease as sward height increased were found. Similarly, the stem + sheath mass tended to increase with increasing sward height. Amongst the nutrients, ME (r = −0.65) and IVDMD (r = −0.64) were negatively correlated with sward height (p < 0.001) and ADF was positively correlated with sward height (r = 0.73, p < 0.001). Both the GP and IVDMD were negatively related to the sward height at both incubation times. Sward heights of Kikuyu grass below 30 cm display an in vitro profile of VFAs high in propionate and low in acetate, with a trend toward lower methane production of CH4 per unit of IVDMD. These findings are important to aid decision-making on the optimal sward height of Kikuyu grass and manage animal grazing with the opportunity to reduce CH4 production.Alejandra MarínAlejandra MarínAlejandra MarínJérôme BindelleÁngel S. ZubietaGuillermo CorreaJacobo ArangoNgonidzashe ChirindaNgonidzashe ChirindaPaulo César de Faccio CarvalhoFrontiers Media S.A.articlemethane mitigation strategymethanogenic potentialsward structuretropical grassforage nutritive valuegrazing managementNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641Food processing and manufactureTP368-456ENFrontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Vol 5 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	methane mitigation strategy methanogenic potential sward structure tropical grass forage nutritive value grazing management Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Food processing and manufacture TP368-456
spellingShingle	methane mitigation strategy methanogenic potential sward structure tropical grass forage nutritive value grazing management Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Food processing and manufacture TP368-456 Alejandra Marín Alejandra Marín Alejandra Marín Jérôme Bindelle Ángel S. Zubieta Guillermo Correa Jacobo Arango Ngonidzashe Chirinda Ngonidzashe Chirinda Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho In vitro Fermentation Profile and Methane Production of Kikuyu Grass Harvested at Different Sward Heights
description	Highly digestible forages are associated with an in vitro low-methane (CH4) rumen fermentation profile and thus the possibility of reducing CH4 emissions from forage-based systems. We aimed to assess the in vitro ruminal fermentation profile, including CH4 production, of the top stratum of Kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus - Hochst. ex Chiov) harvested at different sward heights (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm). Herbage samples (incubating substrate) were analyzed for their chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and morphological components. In vitro incubations were performed under a randomized complete block design with four independent runs of each treatment. Gas production (GP), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), CH4 production, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, and their acetate, propionate, and butyrate proportions were measured following 24 and 48 h of incubation. Herbage samples had similar contents of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, and crude protein for all treatments. However, a higher acid detergent fiber (ADF) content in taller sward heights than in smaller sward heights and a tendency for metabolizable energy (ME) and IVOMD to decrease as sward height increased were found. Similarly, the stem + sheath mass tended to increase with increasing sward height. Amongst the nutrients, ME (r = −0.65) and IVDMD (r = −0.64) were negatively correlated with sward height (p < 0.001) and ADF was positively correlated with sward height (r = 0.73, p < 0.001). Both the GP and IVDMD were negatively related to the sward height at both incubation times. Sward heights of Kikuyu grass below 30 cm display an in vitro profile of VFAs high in propionate and low in acetate, with a trend toward lower methane production of CH4 per unit of IVDMD. These findings are important to aid decision-making on the optimal sward height of Kikuyu grass and manage animal grazing with the opportunity to reduce CH4 production.
format	article
author	Alejandra Marín Alejandra Marín Alejandra Marín Jérôme Bindelle Ángel S. Zubieta Guillermo Correa Jacobo Arango Ngonidzashe Chirinda Ngonidzashe Chirinda Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho
author_facet	Alejandra Marín Alejandra Marín Alejandra Marín Jérôme Bindelle Ángel S. Zubieta Guillermo Correa Jacobo Arango Ngonidzashe Chirinda Ngonidzashe Chirinda Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho
author_sort	Alejandra Marín
title	In vitro Fermentation Profile and Methane Production of Kikuyu Grass Harvested at Different Sward Heights
title_short	In vitro Fermentation Profile and Methane Production of Kikuyu Grass Harvested at Different Sward Heights
title_full	In vitro Fermentation Profile and Methane Production of Kikuyu Grass Harvested at Different Sward Heights
title_fullStr	In vitro Fermentation Profile and Methane Production of Kikuyu Grass Harvested at Different Sward Heights
title_full_unstemmed	In vitro Fermentation Profile and Methane Production of Kikuyu Grass Harvested at Different Sward Heights
title_sort	in vitro fermentation profile and methane production of kikuyu grass harvested at different sward heights
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dce6389023984b4b99e00c55c9b76345
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In vitro Fermentation Profile and Methane Production of Kikuyu Grass Harvested at Different Sward Heights

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